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In human populations, replacement fertility is 2.1 children born per woman in a given population.  Worldwide, the fertility rate has fallen from an average of 5 births per woman in 1950 to 2.3 births per woman in 2021.<ref>[https://www.unfpa.org/swp2023/too-few#:~:text=Since%201950%2C%20global%20average%20lifespans,births%20per%20woman%20in%202021. The Problem With Too Few], United Nations</ref>
 
In human populations, replacement fertility is 2.1 children born per woman in a given population.  Worldwide, the fertility rate has fallen from an average of 5 births per woman in 1950 to 2.3 births per woman in 2021.<ref>[https://www.unfpa.org/swp2023/too-few#:~:text=Since%201950%2C%20global%20average%20lifespans,births%20per%20woman%20in%202021. The Problem With Too Few], United Nations</ref>
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Michael Blume, a researcher at the University of Jena in Germany, wrote about the sub-replacement level of fertility among [[Atheist Population|atheistic populations]]: "Most societies or communities that have espoused atheistic beliefs have not survived more than a century."<ref name="scilogs.eu">[http://www.scilogs.eu/en/blog/biology-of-religion/2011-01-06/atheists-a-dying-breed-as-nature-favours-faithful-sunday-times-jan-02-2011-jonathan-leake-full-draft-version Atheist: A dying breed as nature favours faithful]</ref> Blume also indicated concerning concerning his research on this matter: "What I found was the complete lack of a single case of a secular population, community or movement that would just manage to retain replacement level."<ref name="scilogs.eu"/>  See also: [[Atheism and sexuality]]
    
Caspar Melville wrote in ''The New [[Secular humanism|Humanist]]'': "Firstly [[Secular left|secular liberalism]] is individualistic, and therefore it goes hand in hand with delayed child bearing and lower fertility rates.<ref>[https://newhumanist.org.uk/articles/2267/battle-of-the-babies Battle of the Babies] by Caspar Melville, The New Humanist</ref>
 
Caspar Melville wrote in ''The New [[Secular humanism|Humanist]]'': "Firstly [[Secular left|secular liberalism]] is individualistic, and therefore it goes hand in hand with delayed child bearing and lower fertility rates.<ref>[https://newhumanist.org.uk/articles/2267/battle-of-the-babies Battle of the Babies] by Caspar Melville, The New Humanist</ref>
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