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He called himself Hitler and loved to put on ‘entertainments
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The '''Syrian Arab Republic''' is a Middle Eastern country, bordered by [[Israel]], [[Lebanon]], [[Jordan]], [[Iraq]], and [[Turkey]]. Roughly 300,000 [[Christian]]s practice their [[faith]] in Syria as of 2024, but are vulnerable to slaughter with the overthrown of government on December 8 by rebels who include many [[jihad]]ists,<ref>https://cruxnow.com/news-analysis/2024/12/there-may-be-hope-for-syrian-christians-but-dont-expect-them-to-join-the-party-yet</ref> such as the [[HTS]].
The '''Syrian Arab Republic''' is a Middle Eastern country, bordered by [[Israel]], [[Lebanon]], [[Jordan]], [[Iraq]], and [[Turkey]]. Roughly 300,000 [[Christian]]s practiced their [[faith]] in Syria as of prior to the 2011 unrest, those that remain are vulnerable to slaughter with the overthrown of government on December 8 by rebels who include many [[jihad]]ists,<ref>https://cruxnow.com/news-analysis/2024/12/there-may-be-hope-for-syrian-christians-but-dont-expect-them-to-join-the-party-yet</ref> such as the [[HTS]].
The capital is [[Damascus]], the same city mentioned in the [[Bible]]. Other important cities include [[Aleppo]] and [[Hama]]. Most settlement is near the [[Mediterranean]] coast, with the interior consisting largely of [[steppe]].
The capital is [[Damascus]], the same city mentioned in the [[Bible]]. Other important cities include [[Aleppo]] and [[Hama]]. Most settlement is near the [[Mediterranean]] coast, with the interior consisting largely of [[steppe]].
Syria has been a [[Ba'athist]] [[dictatorship]] ruled by [[Bashar al-Assad]]. Under the rules of Bashar, the Syrian government has managed to grow the economy all the way to the [[Syrian War]], when Western-backed militias fought against the country's government. Bashar and his government also increased political freedom and access to the outside world since coming to power in 2000. However the government was accused by many of playing a role in the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri in 2005. Syria is also responsible for allowing foreign terrorist fighters to enter Iraq through their border and attack American troops. Assad invited terrorists of the [[Hezbollah]] to stay in Syria.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/08/assad-defends-presence-hezbollah-fighters-syria-150825203254106.html</ref>
Syria has been a [[Ba'athist]] [[dictatorship]] ruled by [[Bashar al-Assad]]. Under the rules of Bashar, the Syrian government has managed to grow the economy all the way to the [[Syrian War]]. The government was accused by many of playing a role in the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri in 2005. Syria is also responsible for allowing foreign terrorist fighters to enter Iraq through their border and attack American troops. Assad invited terrorists of the [[Hezbollah]] to stay in Syria.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/08/assad-defends-presence-hezbollah-fighters-syria-150825203254106.html</ref>
Damascus is an important historic city for [[Christian]]s too, as it is the city to which the Apostle [[Paul]] was travelling upon his conversion. However, it has been mostly Muslim for centuries, and was a part of the [[Ottoman Empire]]. When the Ottoman Empire dissolved after [[World War I]], [[France]] forcibly took over Syria, then left in 1946, granting it its independence.
Damascus is an important historic city for [[Christian]]s too, as it is the city to which the Apostle [[Paul]] was travelling upon his conversion. However, it has been mostly Muslim for centuries, and was a part of the [[Ottoman Empire]]. When the Ottoman Empire dissolved after [[World War I]], [[France]] forcibly took over Syria, then left in 1946, granting it its independence.
Syria has committed many atrocities in Lebanon and on Lebanese.<ref>Mordechai Nisan (2004) "The Conscience of Lebanon: A Political Biography of Etienne Sakr (Abu-Arz)." [https://books.google.com/books?id=lkWQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA158 p. 158]</ref><ref>M. Deeb (2003). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nTHIAAAAQBAJ Syria’s Terrorist War on Lebanon and the Peace Process]".
Syria has committed many atrocities in Lebanon and on Lebanese.<ref>Mordechai Nisan (2004) "The Conscience of Lebanon: A Political Biography of Etienne Sakr (Abu-Arz)." [https://books.google.com/books?id=lkWQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA158 p. 158]</ref><ref>M. Deeb (2003). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nTHIAAAAQBAJ Syria’s Terrorist War on Lebanon and the Peace Process]".
''This study demonstrates that Syria's role in the Middle East has been, since 1974, an unabated terrorist war against all attempts to resolve peacefully the Arab-Israeli conflict.''</ref><ref>[http://www.clhrf.com/freeopinionresponses04.htm Reply to Miss Shaaban's op-ed which appeared in the Daily Star on June 5th.], Canadian Lebanese Human Rights Federation, Anwar Wazen, June 5, 2004. Posted Jun 6, 2004.<blockquote><font size=1>
''This study demonstrates that Syria's role in the Middle East has been, since 1974, an unabated terrorist war against all attempts to resolve peacefully the Arab-Israeli conflict.''</ref><ref>[http://www.clhrf.com/freeopinionresponses04.htm Reply to Miss Shaaban's op-ed which appeared in the Daily Star on June 5th.], Canadian Lebanese Human Rights Federation, Anwar Wazen, June 5, 2004. Posted Jun 6, 2004.<blockquote><small>
Buthaina’s lessons in Human rights..
Buthaina’s lessons in Human rights..
Before you accuse the US and Israel of targeting and massacring Arabs take a deep breath Miss Shaaban and ponder upon the crimes against humanity perpetrated by Syria’s baathist regime against the Syrians and the Lebanese. When your house is made of glass you should not throw pebbles on other peoples’ dwellings. Lying, bluffing and faking crocodile tears is becoming nowadays the trademark of the defenders of the Syrian totalitarian and ruthless regime.
Before you accuse the US and Israel of targeting and massacring Arabs take a deep breath Miss Shaaban and ponder upon the crimes against humanity perpetrated by Syria’s baathist regime against the Syrians and the Lebanese. When your house is made of glass you should not throw pebbles on other peoples’ dwellings. Lying, bluffing and faking crocodile tears is becoming nowadays the trademark of the defenders of the Syrian totalitarian and ruthless regime.
You have guts as a Syrian official to write about human rights violations at the Abou Ghraib prison. You really have guts to talk about violating peoples' rights and usurping sovereignty.
You have guts as a Syrian official to write about human rights violations at the Abou Ghraib prison. You really have guts to talk about violating peoples' rights and usurping sovereignty.
Syria has been occupying my country in clear violation of UN resolution 520 and you think the world is buying your call for safeguarding international legitimacy in Iraq ? Pity the free world for chosing to look the other way for 27 long years...</font></blockquote></ref>
Syria has been occupying my country in clear violation of UN resolution 520 and you think the world is buying your call for safeguarding international legitimacy in Iraq ? Pity the free world for chosing to look the other way for 27 long years...</small></blockquote></ref>
Following the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon, Syrian and Israeli forces clashed in eastern Lebanon. However, Syrian opposition blocked implementation of the May 17, 1983, Lebanese-Israeli accord on the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanon.
Following the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon, Syrian and Israeli forces clashed in eastern Lebanon. However, Syrian opposition blocked implementation of the May 17, 1983, Lebanese-Israeli accord on the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanon.
===Massive torture and war crimes===
===Massive torture and war crimes===
Syria's Assad's regime have carried out mass torture<ref>(Mar 19, 2017). [https://www.syriahr.com/en/63110/ 700,000 documents highlight appalling tortures in Assad’s prisons]. SyrianHR.
Syria's Assad's regime have carried out mass torture<ref>(Mar 19, 2017). [https://www.syriahr.com/en/63110/ 700,000 documents highlight appalling tortures in Assad’s prisons]. SyrianHR.
"A new documentary film shed light on hundreds of thousands of documents and evidence that exposes widespread torture and murder of Syrian detainees by Bashar al Assad’s regime."</ref> in prison, especially in its civil war, as well as various chemical weapons use.<ref>Sirwan Kajjo, [https://www.voanews.com/a/in-syria-documenting-war-crimes-falls-to-journalists-and-citizens-/6261887.html In Syria, Documenting War Crimes Falls to Journalists and Citizens, VOA, October 08, 2021.
"A new documentary film shed light on hundreds of thousands of documents and evidence that exposes widespread torture and murder of Syrian detainees by Bashar al Assad’s regime."</ref> in prison, especially in its civil war, as well as various chemical weapons use.<ref>Sirwan Kajjo, [https://www.voanews.com/a/in-syria-documenting-war-crimes-falls-to-journalists-and-citizens-/6261887.html In Syria, Documenting War Crimes Falls to Journalists and Citizens], ''VOA'', October 08, 2021.
<br><i>Torture in prison, chemical weapons, the direct targeting of foreign media, and hundreds of thousands of deaths. Syria's President Bashar al-Assad stands accused of a long list of crimes against his people</i></ref> Despite massive evidence of perpetrating crimes against humanity and war crimes, the Syrian regime seems to be in a state of impunity when it comes to international justice.<ref>Mohamad Kamal al-Labwani, [https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/un-process-and-war-crimes-assad The UN Process and the War Crimes of Assad], Washington Institute, Feb 11, 2021.
<br><i>Torture in prison, chemical weapons, the direct targeting of foreign media, and hundreds of thousands of deaths. Syria's President Bashar al-Assad stands accused of a long list of crimes against his people</i></ref> Despite massive evidence of perpetrating crimes against humanity and war crimes, the Syrian regime seems to be in a state of impunity when it comes to international justice.<ref>Mohamad Kamal al-Labwani, [https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/un-process-and-war-crimes-assad The UN Process and the War Crimes of Assad], Washington Institute, Feb 11, 2021.
<blockquote>After the UN's failures regarding Assad, Syrians need a more forceful option to restore their dignity and rights....
<blockquote>After the UN's failures regarding Assad, Syrians need a more forceful option to restore their dignity and rights....
Assad and his regime may never be prosecuted for the acts of terror he perpetrated against his own people during Syria's civil war. Scott Pelley reports on the effort to gather and maintain the evidence against Assad...
Assad and his regime may never be prosecuted for the acts of terror he perpetrated against his own people during Syria's civil war. Scott Pelley reports on the effort to gather and maintain the evidence against Assad...
Torture is one of many war crimes committed by Bashar al-Assad's regime...</i></ref>
Torture is one of many war crimes committed by Bashar al-Assad's regime...</i></ref>
{{Cquote|He called himself Hitler and loved to put on ‘entertainments’. <font color=red>To amuse his dinner guests, he would force the prisoners in his charge to act as dogs, donkeys, cats or other animals.
Those who failed to play their part would be beaten. ‘The dog has to bark, the cat meow, the rooster crow,’ recalled a former inmate. ‘Hitler tries to tame them. When he pets one dog the other dog should act jealous.’ </font>
‘Hitler’ was a guard at a prison at the Mezze Air Base in Damascus and his sadism was unyielding even by the standards of Assad’s Syria. At Mezze, guards would regularly hang prisoners from a fence naked and spray water on them during cold nights. The New York Times described how one prisoner there was crammed into a tyre and beaten. He said an officer once told him that a screaming woman also in the prison but out of sight was his mother. He counted 19 cellmates who died from disease, torture or neglect in a single month. Since Assad’s fall, my social media feeds have swelled with images of rebels storming prisons, of bewildered prisoners stumbling through opened doors, of crying women blinking in daylight, and a toddler wandering out of an open cell door. There are scenes of men drilling into steel plates to reveal layers of prisoners wedged into the earth in hidden underground cells.
In one video I cannot get out of my head, a male figure sits upright on a bed, one foot manacled to its end. So motionless is he that, after watching it over a dozen times, I still genuinely cannot tell if he is a human or a mannequin.<ref>Patrikarakos, David. (Dec 10, 2024). [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-14175927/Assads-prisons-thousands-suffered-72-types-torture.html What happened inside Assad's prisons where thousands suffered 72 types of torture and 157,000 people have vanished: As new horrors are revealed by the hour, David Patrikarakos beholds atrocity on staggering scale]. ''The Daily Mail''.</ref>}}
==Fall of Assad regime==
==Fall of Assad regime==