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[[File:100 m final Berlin 2009.jpeg|250px|thumbnail|right|[[Usain Bolt]] avoids thinking about his weaknesses before a race. Sometimes he thinks about how he will celebrate if he wins.<ref>[https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/07/how-the-worlds-fastest-man-usain-bolt-mentally-prepares-for-a-race.html How the world’s fastest man Usain Bolt mentally prepares for a race] CNBC</ref>
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Usain Bolt beating Tyson Gay and setting a 100 meter world record at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in Berlin, Germany.]]
The abstract for J. Beckmann's work in ''International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences'', describes '''self-regulation''' as:
The abstract for J. Beckmann's work in ''International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences'', describes '''self-regulation''' as:
{{Cquote|Self-regulation refers to a regulation of the psychological state of an individual by the individual her- or himself. Self-regulation becomes necessary when internal or external barriers threaten the efficient realization of an intended action. Self-regulation consists of auxiliary processes that are based on metaknowledge ([[Metacognition|metacognitive]] or [[metamotivation]]al knowledge). These auxiliary processes support basic action processes like attention, motivation, etc., if those are not sufficient for optimum goal attainment. Self-regulation plays an important role in sport. Athletes have to master several challenges in practice and competition, which require employment of these strategies. During a competition, for example, it is important to stay focused on the task in the presence of a large, noisy audience. Individuals develop ‘naive’ forms of self-regulatory techniques to deal with such challenges or threats. Action control is a broader conceptualization of the auxiliary processes. Two forms of action control are distinguished: Self-control attempts to inhibit distracting thoughts, competing action tendencies, etc. Self-regulation attempts to support task-relevant cognitive, motivational, and emotional orientations. Psychological Skill Trainings usually address self-regulation techniques. In contrast to ‘naive’ self-regulation techniques, those are formal, structured applications of scientific psychological knowledge. Although the terms used for the self-regulation techniques in these programs vary within the sport psychological literature, core techniques involve activation regulation, attention control, self-talk and thought control, visualization, and goal-setting.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B0080430767013838 Sports Performance, Self-regulation of] by J. Beckmann. ''International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences'', 2001, Pages 14947-14952</ref>}}
{{Cquote|Self-regulation refers to a regulation of the psychological state of an individual by the individual her- or himself. Self-regulation becomes necessary when internal or external barriers threaten the efficient realization of an intended action. Self-regulation consists of auxiliary processes that are based on metaknowledge ([[Metacognition|metacognitive]] or [[metamotivation]]al knowledge). These auxiliary processes support basic action processes like attention, motivation, etc., if those are not sufficient for optimum goal attainment. Self-regulation plays an important role in sport. Athletes have to master several challenges in practice and competition, which require employment of these strategies. During a competition, for example, it is important to stay focused on the task in the presence of a large, noisy audience. Individuals develop ‘naive’ forms of self-regulatory techniques to deal with such challenges or threats. Action control is a broader conceptualization of the auxiliary processes. Two forms of action control are distinguished: Self-control attempts to inhibit distracting thoughts, competing action tendencies, etc. Self-regulation attempts to support task-relevant cognitive, motivational, and emotional orientations. Psychological Skill Trainings usually address self-regulation techniques. In contrast to ‘naive’ self-regulation techniques, those are formal, structured applications of scientific psychological knowledge. Although the terms used for the self-regulation techniques in these programs vary within the sport psychological literature, core techniques involve activation regulation, attention control, self-talk and thought control, visualization, and goal-setting.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B0080430767013838 Sports Performance, Self-regulation of] by J. Beckmann. ''International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences'', 2001, Pages 14947-14952</ref>}}