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| | *[https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/are_world_happiness_rankings_culturally_biased Are World Happiness Rankings Culturally Biased?], Greater Good Magazine, 2023 | | *[https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/are_world_happiness_rankings_culturally_biased Are World Happiness Rankings Culturally Biased?], Greater Good Magazine, 2023 |
| | *[https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-unbearable-sadness-of-being-happy The unbearable sadness of “being happy”: Biases in the World Happiness Report], Observer Research Foundation, 2023 | | *[https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-unbearable-sadness-of-being-happy The unbearable sadness of “being happy”: Biases in the World Happiness Report], Observer Research Foundation, 2023 |
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| − | == The parodox of hedonism ==
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| − | ''See also:'' [[Hedonism]]
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| − | [[Hedonism]] is a [[philosophy]] which emphasizes the pursuit of personal pleasure above all other considerations, or as the sole consideration in life.
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| − | The paradox of [[hedonism]] is that focusing on pleasure seeking often has counterproductive results. For example, [[gluttony]] and obesity is a causal factor for [[Health risks linked to obesity|many illnesses]].
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| − | According to the ''Journal of Public Economics'', "The “Hedonistic Paradox” states that homo economicus, or someone who seeks happiness for him- or herself, will not find it, but the person who helps others will.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004727270700062X#:~:text=The%20%E2%80%9CHedonistic%20Paradox%E2%80%9D%20states%20that,connection%20with%20happiness%20and%20generosity. The Hedonistic Paradox: Is Homo Economicus Happier?], ''Journal of Public Economics''. Volume 92, Issues 1–2, February 2008, Pages 1-33</ref>
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| − | Unfortunately for hedonists, focusing on pleasure-seeking does not deliver the optimal pleasure and happiness in the long run or even in the short run and instead just delivers emptiness.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tSQPGYvE0s Clear Voices 2014 - Alister McGrath - C. S. Lewis’s Vision of the Christianity]</ref>
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| | == Journal articles and happiness == | | == Journal articles and happiness == |