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→History
== History ==
== History ==
Following the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] invasion of Britain in 43 AD, present-day Lancaster seems to have had a Roman fort constructed on the site at which the castle now stands by the late 1st century. Coin evidence suggest the fort may have already existed as early as 60 AD, but most histories give the date for the establishment of the fort as c. 80 AD. The original [[Latin]] name of the fort is not known with any certainty although since the late 1990s, due to a theory popularised by David Shotter, it has been suggested that ''Galacum'' (previously thought to have been the fort at Over Burrow, 17 miles to the north-west) was in fact Roman Lancaster. The original fort was built from wood, and had been rebuilt in stone by 102 AD.
Following the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] invasion of Britain in 43 AD, present-day Lancaster seems to have had a Roman fort constructed on the site at which the castle now stands by the late 1st century. Coin evidence suggest the fort may have already existed as early as 60 AD, but most histories give the date for the establishment of the fort as c. 80 AD. The original [[Latin]] name of the fort is not known with any certainty although since the late 1990s, due to a theory popularised by David Shotter, it has been suggested that ''Galacum'' (previously thought to have been the fort at Over Burrow, 17 miles to the north-west) was in fact Roman Lancaster. The original fort was built from wood, and had been rebuilt in stone by 102 AD.
Following the end of Roman rule in Great Britain, present-day England was settled by Germanic-speaking tribes from around c. 540 AD onwards. Little is known about Lancaster in the early [[Anglo-Saxon]] era due to lack of documentary evidence. By c. 700 AD, the area was within the kingdom of [[Northumbria]], which covered much of present-day [[northern England]] and south-east Scotland. There may have been a Northumbrian monastery on or near the site of Lancaster priory by c. 800 AD.
The name "Lancaster" is recorded relatively late; the first documentation (in the form ''Loncastre'') is in the Domesday Book (1086), a survey taken following the Norman conquest of England. Lancaster was held by William the Conqueror in 1086. The name is of Old English origin and means "Roman fort of the [[River Lune]]).
==See also==
==See also==