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By c. 700 AD, present-day Sheffield city centre formed part of the Anglian kingdom of [[Northumbria]]. It was close to the kingdom's southern border with [[Mercia]], with evidence for the border being found in the local place-name [[Dore, Derbyshire|Dore]] which is from Old English ''dor'', the ancestor of present-day English ''door'', indicating a pass between the two kingdoms.<ref>Vickers, J. Edward MBE (1999). Dore. In ''Old Sheffield Town. An Historical Miscellany'' (2nd ed.), pp64–71. Sheffield: The Hallamshire Press Limited. {{ISBN|1-874718-44-X}}</ref> Further toponymic evidence for the border in southern Sheffield includes the name of the Limb Brook, which appears to be from a derivative of [[Latin]] ''limes'', the ancestor of the English word ''limit''. The place-name ''Whirlow'' means "boundary mound".<ref name="david hey">''"Historic Hallamshire"'', David Hey, Landmark Publishing Ltd. {{ISBN|1 84306 049 3}}, Page 11, Name meaning.</ref> The Northumbria-Mercia boundary would latterly form the boundaries of the traditional counties [[Yorkshire]] and [[Derbyshire]] and the ecclesiastical provinces of York and Canterbury.

By c. 700 AD, present-day Sheffield city centre formed part of the Anglian kingdom of [[Northumbria]]. It was close to the kingdom's southern border with [[Mercia]], with evidence for the border being found in the local place-name [[Dore, Derbyshire|Dore]] which is from Old English ''dor'', the ancestor of present-day English ''door'', indicating a pass between the two kingdoms.<ref>Vickers, J. Edward MBE (1999). Dore. In ''Old Sheffield Town. An Historical Miscellany'' (2nd ed.), pp64–71. Sheffield: The Hallamshire Press Limited. {{ISBN|1-874718-44-X}}</ref> Further toponymic evidence for the border in southern Sheffield includes the name of the Limb Brook, which appears to be from a derivative of [[Latin]] ''limes'', the ancestor of the English word ''limit''. The place-name ''Whirlow'' means "boundary mound".<ref name="david hey">''"Historic Hallamshire"'', David Hey, Landmark Publishing Ltd. {{ISBN|1 84306 049 3}}, Page 11, Name meaning.</ref> The Northumbria-Mercia boundary would latterly form the boundaries of the traditional counties [[Yorkshire]] and [[Derbyshire]] and the ecclesiastical provinces of York and Canterbury.

The earliest archaeological evidence for Sheffield in the Anglo-Saxon era is the 9th-century Sheffield Cross (discovered in the 19th century). It is the shaft of an Anglo-Saxon cross. It is Mercian in style, the most northerly example of this type.

The earliest archaeological evidence for Sheffield in the Anglo-Saxon era is the 9th-century Sheffield Cross (discovered in the 19th century). It is the shaft of an Anglo-Saxon cross. It is Mercian in style, the most northerly example of this type. It is likely that the cross was previously sited at the location now occupied by Sheffield Cathedral, evidence for a long history of Christian use of the site.

 

In the 12th century, it is likely that Sheffield's parish church was constructed as a satellite of Worksop Priory by [[William de Lovetot]], an Anglo-Norman baron of [[Huntingdonshire]]. This established the area of the parish of Sheffield, which would remain unchanged until the 19th century. This church, occupying the present-day site of Sheffield Cathedral, was destroyed in 1266 during the Second Barons' War in which [[Simon de Montfort]] led the barons against the royalist forces of [[Henry III]].

A [[Benedictine]] priory was founded at nearby Ecclesfield in c. 1273. Ecclesfield Priory's mother church was St Wandrille's Abbey in [[Normandy]]; the church at Ecclesfield had been a possession of St Wandrille's by 1142,. when this was confirmed by a papal bull of [[Pope Innocent II]]. The priory was disestablished in 1386.

A [[Benedictine]] priory was founded at nearby Ecclesfield in c. 1273. Ecclesfield Priory's mother church was St Wandrille's Abbey in [[Normandy]]; the church at Ecclesfield had been a possession of St Wandrille's by 1142,. when this was confirmed by a papal bull of [[Pope Innocent II]]. The priory was disestablished in 1386.