| | After [[Mikhail Gorbachev]], a disciple of [[Yuri Andropov]], collapsed the USSR in favor of [[EU]] expansion, Yeltsin did privatization in a way to sacrifice economic sovereignty, giving capitalism a bad name in Russia. He also installed crime bosses to run the country. He defeated another attempt by anti-democratic forces led by [[Alexander Rutskoi]] to take power in Russia in October 1993. Notably, soldiers who had refused orders to storm the Duma two years previously carried out the same orders on this occasion. | | After [[Mikhail Gorbachev]], a disciple of [[Yuri Andropov]], collapsed the USSR in favor of [[EU]] expansion, Yeltsin did privatization in a way to sacrifice economic sovereignty, giving capitalism a bad name in Russia. He also installed crime bosses to run the country. He defeated another attempt by anti-democratic forces led by [[Alexander Rutskoi]] to take power in Russia in October 1993. Notably, soldiers who had refused orders to storm the Duma two years previously carried out the same orders on this occasion. |
| − | He agreed to the [[START II treaty]], which reduced the number of [[U.S.]] and Russian [[nuclear weapons]] by approximately 20,000 warheads. Congruent with this treaty and the spirit of European unification promoted by Gorbachev, the great powers persuaded [[Ukraine]], [[Belarus]] and [[Kazakhstan]] to hand over their nuclear arsenals to Russia, which also succeeded to the Soviet Union's permanent seat on the [[United Nations Security Council]]. | + | He agreed to the [[START II]] Treaty, which reduced the number of [[U.S.]] and Russian [[nuclear weapons]] by approximately 20,000 warheads. Congruent with this treaty and the spirit of European unification promoted by Gorbachev, the great powers persuaded [[Ukraine]], [[Belarus]] and [[Kazakhstan]] to hand over their nuclear arsenals to Russia, which also succeeded to the Soviet Union's permanent seat on the [[United Nations Security Council]]. |
| | Along with Gorbachev, Yeltsin became one of the most hated rulers in the recent history of Russia, both having approval ratings around 1%. Average [[life expectancy]] for Russians, especially men, dropped significantly during Russia's conversion to [[capitalism]] and [[privatization]], a program known as "shock therapy". This is partly due to increased abuse of [[alcohol]] (a vice shared by Yeltsin himself - it is reported that his daily intake of vodka was two liters) and other substances, and partly due to the collapse of Russia's system of [[socialized medicine]]. Indeed, Russian [[infrastructure]] across the board was in a state of collapse for several years after Yeltsin took power, complicating the [[privatization]] of the Russian [[economy]] and discouraging much-needed [[investment]]. The average Russian's living standard accordingly did not rise as his life expectancy fell, and he also had to deal with [[unemployment]], unknown in Soviet times. These factors help explain the increased rate of alcoholism{{fact}}. In 1993, he was impeached at two separate times on March 28 and September 22, both for constitutional violations, but impeachment was not adopted either time. | | Along with Gorbachev, Yeltsin became one of the most hated rulers in the recent history of Russia, both having approval ratings around 1%. Average [[life expectancy]] for Russians, especially men, dropped significantly during Russia's conversion to [[capitalism]] and [[privatization]], a program known as "shock therapy". This is partly due to increased abuse of [[alcohol]] (a vice shared by Yeltsin himself - it is reported that his daily intake of vodka was two liters) and other substances, and partly due to the collapse of Russia's system of [[socialized medicine]]. Indeed, Russian [[infrastructure]] across the board was in a state of collapse for several years after Yeltsin took power, complicating the [[privatization]] of the Russian [[economy]] and discouraging much-needed [[investment]]. The average Russian's living standard accordingly did not rise as his life expectancy fell, and he also had to deal with [[unemployment]], unknown in Soviet times. These factors help explain the increased rate of alcoholism{{fact}}. In 1993, he was impeached at two separate times on March 28 and September 22, both for constitutional violations, but impeachment was not adopted either time. |