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Line 71: − − == Francis == − − [[File:Card. Jorge Bergoglio SJ, 2008.jpg|right|200px|thumb|His Holiness, [[Pope Francis]].]] − − Today the Pope is [[Pope Francis]], (formerly Jorge Mario Bergoglio, born December 17, 1936, in Buenos Aires, Argentina) who became the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church on March 13, 2013. Pope Francis, elected as 266th Roman Catholic pontiff, is the first Jesuit and the first Latin American pope; First non-European pope in 1300 years. He succeeded [[Pope Benedict XVI]], to whom he was reportedly the runner-up in the papal election of 2005.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/03/13/us-pope-succession-bergoglio-idUSBRE92C15X20130313 Reuters article: Argentina's pope a modest man focused on the poor (reuters.com)]</ref> Line 240:
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* '''Fisherman's Ring'''
* '''Fisherman's Ring'''
It is a gold ring decorated with a depiction of St. Peter in a boat casting his net.
It is a gold ring decorated with a depiction of St. Peter in a boat casting his net.
== Controversy ==
== Controversy ==
The Pope has been the head of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] for over 1600 years. The Eastern Orthodox churches reject his claims to primacy. Even more vigorously the Protestant Reformation rejected both Papal claims to primacy and the authority of the Patriarchs of the East. As [[secular]] leaders the Popes controlled Rome and the [[Papal States]] in central Italy until 1870, and especially in the 16th century were notable patrons of the arts, turning St. Peter's Church in Rome into an architectural wonder, especially notable for the artwork in its Sistine Chapel.<ref>Famous patrons of the arts include Sixtus IV (1471-1484), [[Julius II]] (1503-1513), and Clement VII (1523-1534)</ref>
The Pope has been the head of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] for over 1600 years. The Eastern Orthodox churches reject his claims to primacy. Even more vigorously the Protestant Reformation rejected both Papal claims to primacy and the authority of the Patriarchs of the East. As [[secular]] leaders the Popes controlled Rome and the [[Papal States]] in central Italy until 1870, and especially in the 16th century were notable patrons of the arts, turning St. Peter's Church in Rome into an architectural wonder, especially notable for the artwork in its Sistine Chapel.<ref>Famous patrons of the arts include Sixtus IV (1471-1484), [[Julius II]] (1503-1513), and Clement VII (1523-1534)</ref>
Since 1929 the Pope controls only the small Vatican City-state (located inside Rome), but has diplomatic relations with most nations. The Pope's power comes from his appointment of all the bishops in the [[Catholic Church]] (which includes the Roman Catholic Church), and from his ability (since 1870) to proclaim a theological doctrine infallibly. The history of the Popes is interwoven with the history of the Catholic Church and the history of Europe. The 262 Popes were saints and sinners<ref>They were all men. The 15th century story of "[[Pope Joan]]" who disguised herself as a man and became Pope sometime between A.D. 850 and 1050 was exposed as a false myth in 1650, but still circulates. Kelly (1998) 331-32.</ref> who ranged very widely indeed in terms of personalities and morality. In recent centuries most popes have been holy men and in recent decades they have been linguists able to speak to Catholics in many languages. In recent centuries most Popes have been scions of Italian nobility; notable exceptions are Pope John Paul II (1978-2005) the first Polish Pope, Benedict XVI (2005-2013) the first German since 1523 and [[Pope Francis]] (2013- ) from [[Argentina]] the first Pope from either of the American continents.
Since 1929 the Pope controls only the small Vatican City-state (located inside Rome), but has diplomatic relations with most nations. The Pope's power comes from his appointment of all the bishops in the [[Catholic Church]] (which includes the Roman Catholic Church), and from his ability (since 1870) to proclaim a theological doctrine infallibly. The history of the Popes is interwoven with the history of the Catholic Church and the history of Europe. The 262 Popes were saints and sinners<ref>They were all men. The 15th century story of "[[Pope Joan]]" who disguised herself as a man and became Pope sometime between A.D. 850 and 1050 was exposed as a false myth in 1650, but still circulates. Kelly (1998) 331-32.</ref> who ranged very widely indeed in terms of personalities and morality. In recent centuries most popes have been holy men and in recent decades they have been linguists able to speak to Catholics in many languages. In recent centuries most Popes have been scions of Italian nobility; notable exceptions are Pope John Paul II (1978-2005) the first Polish Pope, Benedict XVI (2005-2013) the first German since 1523, [[Pope Francis]] (2013-2025) from [[Argentina]] the first Pope from either of the American continents and Pope Leo XIV from the United States who also hold the Peruvian nationality.
The papacy has become a major factor in world history by promoting the Christian message globally through more extensive missionary work, ecumenical dialogue and increasingly active use of worldwide publishing and broadcast audio/visual media such as the [[Eternal Word Television Network]] (EWTN).
The papacy has become a major factor in world history by promoting the Christian message globally through more extensive missionary work, ecumenical dialogue and increasingly active use of worldwide publishing and broadcast audio/visual media such as the [[Eternal Word Television Network]] (EWTN).
Following the name of each Pope is the year of their accession.
Following the name of each Pope is the year of their accession.
[[File:Pope Francis march 2013 First mass.jpg|thumb|Pope Francis]]
[[File:Pope Leo XIV.jpg|thumb|Pope Leo XIV in 2025.]]
#[[Saint Peter]] (30?)
#[[Saint Peter]] (30?)
#[[Pope Linus]] (67)
#[[Pope Linus]] (67)