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==1870 Declaration and History==

==1870 Declaration and History==

The formation of the Old Catholic communion of Germans, Austrians and Swiss began in 1870 at a public meeting held in Nuremberg under the leadership of Ignaz von Döllinger, following the [[First Vatican Council]]. In September, 1870, according to the Catholic Encyclopedia article "Old Catholics"<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11235b.htm Old Catholics - Catholic Encyclopedia (newadvent.org)]</ref>, nearly 1400 Germans issued a declaration, '''Roman Catholic Opposition to [[Papal Infallibility]]''', in which they repudiated the dogma of Infallibility "''as an innovation contrary to the traditional faith of the Church''".<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/oppositioninfall00sparuoft/oppositioninfall00sparuoft_djvu.txt Full text of '''Roman Catholic Opposition to Papal Infallibility''' (archive.org)] ''The page display format is a typewritten text''.</ref> Four years later episcopal succession was established with the consecration of an Old Catholic German bishop by a [[prelate]] of the Church of Utrecht. In line with the "Declaration of Utrecht" of 1889, they accept the first seven [[ecumenical council]]s and doctrine formulated before 1054, but reject communion with the pope and a number of other Roman Catholic doctrines and practices. ''The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'' notes that since 1925 they have recognized Anglican ordinations as valid, that they have had full communion with the [[Church of England]] since 1932 and have taken part in the ordination of Anglican bishops.

The formation of the Old Catholic communion of Germans, Austrians and Swiss began in 1870 at a public meeting held in Nuremberg under the leadership of Ignaz von Döllinger, following the [[First Vatican Council]]. In September, 1870, according to the Catholic Encyclopedia article "Old Catholics"<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11235b.htm Old Catholics - Catholic Encyclopedia (newadvent.org)]</ref>, nearly 1400 Germans issued a declaration, '''Roman Catholic Opposition to [[Papal Infallibility]]''', in which they repudiated the dogma of Infallibility "''as an innovation contrary to the traditional faith of the Church''".<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/oppositioninfall00sparuoft/oppositioninfall00sparuoft_djvu.txt Full text of '''Roman Catholic Opposition to Papal Infallibility''' (archive.org)] ''The page display format is a typewritten text''.</ref> Four years later episcopal succession was established with the consecration of an Old Catholic German bishop by a [[prelate]] of the Church of Utrecht. In line with the "Declaration of Utrecht" of 1889, they accept the first seven [[ecumenical council]]s and doctrine formulated before 1054, but reject communion with the pope and a number of other Roman Catholic doctrines and practices. ''The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'' notes that since 1925 they have recognized Anglican ordinations as valid, that they have had full communion with the [[Church of England]] since 1932 and have taken part in the ordination of Anglican bishops. <br> The Old Catholic "Union of Utrecht"<ref>https://www.utrechter-union.org/en/welcome/</ref> was split in two in 2003 with the larger half of [[Independent_Catholic_churches | Traditional Old Catholic Churches]] formed the the Union of Scranton<ref>https://theunionofscranton.org/</ref>

==See also==

==See also==