*'''Traditional Old Catholic churches'''. One entity is the [[Polish National Catholic Church]] originally just in the United States, but now also in Canada and Italy. The schism with the [[Roman_Catholic_Church | Roman Catholic Church]] started in 1901 and became complete in 1907 when Fr. Hodur is consecrated a Bishop by Dutch Old Catholic bishops, in Utrecht, Holland<ref>https://www.easterndiocesepncc.org/historical-timeline-of-the-polish-national-catholic-church/</ref>. It did not break away over any particular doctrinal issue, but as a result of ethnic conflict. Polish immigrants to the United States felt neglected by the predominantly Italian hierarchy in the United States. <ref>https://pncc.org/</ref> It was the largest member of the Union of Utrecht<ref>https://www.utrechter-union.org/en/welcome/</ref> until 2003 when it severed its ties in opposition to the Union's approval of [[women priests]] and blessing gay marriages. The [[Polish National Catholic Church]] has created the Union of Scranton<ref>https://theunionofscranton.org/</ref> with the Nordic Catholic Church of Norway<ref>https://nordiccatholic.com/about-us/</ref> another Traditional Old Catholic church; which has parishes all over Europe.
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*'''Traditional Old Catholic churches'''. One entity is the [[Polish National Catholic Church]] originally just in the United States, but now also in Canada and Italy. The schism with the [[Roman_Catholic_Church | Roman Catholic Church]] started in 1901 and became complete in 1907 when Fr. Hodur is consecrated a Bishop by Dutch Old Catholic bishops, in Utrecht, Holland<ref>https://www.easterndiocesepncc.org/historical-timeline-of-the-polish-national-catholic-church/</ref>. It did not break away over any particular doctrinal issue, but as a result of ethnic conflict. Polish immigrants to the United States felt neglected by the predominantly Italian hierarchy in the United States. <ref>https://pncc.org/</ref> It was the largest member of the Union of Utrecht<ref>https://www.utrechter-union.org/en/welcome/</ref> until 2003 when it severed its ties in opposition to the Union's approval of [[women priests]] and blessing gay marriages. The [[Polish National Catholic Church]] has created the Union of Scranton<ref>https://theunionofscranton.org/</ref> with the [[Nordic Catholic Church]] of Norway<ref>https://nordiccatholic.com/about-us/</ref> another Traditional Old Catholic church; which has parishes all over Europe.