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→Rare earth export ban and US strategic interests
=====Rare earth export ban and US strategic interests=====
=====Rare earth export ban and US strategic interests=====
In 2025, China significantly tightened its export controls on [[rare earth elements[[ (REEs) and related technologies. These measures are not a complete ban but impose stringent licensing requirements, effectively restricting access for certain end-users, particularly in [[military]] and advanced [[technology]] sectors. The restrictions began with controls on seven [[REE]]s in April 2025 as retaliation for [[Trump tariffs|U.S. tariffs]], and were dramatically expanded in October 2025 through the Ministry of Commerce's Announcement No. 61. This announcement, effective from November 8 and December 1, 2025, for different components, marks China's strictest controls to date on REEs and permanent magnets.
In 2025, China significantly tightened its export controls on [[rare earth elements]] (REEs) and related technologies. These measures are not a complete ban but impose stringent licensing requirements, effectively restricting access for certain end-users, particularly in [[military]] and advanced [[technology]] sectors. The restrictions began with controls on seven [[REE]]s in April 2025 as retaliation for [[Trump tariffs|U.S. tariffs]], and were dramatically expanded in October 2025 through the Ministry of Commerce's Announcement No. 61. This announcement, effective from November 8 and December 1, 2025, for different components, marks China's strictest controls to date on REEs and permanent magnets.
'''Expanded Scope of Controlled Elements and Materials''': Five additional REEs were added to the export restriction list in October 2025: holmium, erbium, thulium, europium, and ytterbium, bringing the total to 12 restricted elements. Related materials, refining technologies, and dozens of processing equipment items are also now controlled.
'''Expanded Scope of Controlled Elements and Materials''': Five additional REEs were added to the export restriction list in October 2025: holmium, erbium, thulium, europium, and ytterbium, bringing the total to 12 restricted elements. Related materials, refining technologies, and dozens of processing equipment items are also now controlled.