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→Notes part IIII: Jan 22, 2026+
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Iran Protest Death Toll Could Top 30,000, According to Local Health Officials.
By Kay Armin Serjoie, Roxana Saberi, and Fatemeh Jamalpour. Jan 25, 2026 12:59 AM GMT
As many as 30,000 people could have been killed in the streets of Iran on Jan. 8 and 9 alone, two senior officials of the country’s Ministry of Health told TIME—indicating a dramatic surge in the death toll. So many people were slaughtered by Iranian security services on that Thursday and Friday, it overwhelmed the state’s capacity to dispose of the dead. Stocks of body bags were exhausted, the officials said, and eighteen-wheel semi-trailers replaced ambulances.
The government’s internal count of the dead, not previously revealed, far surpasses the toll of 3,117 announced on Jan. 21 by regime hardliners who report directly to Iran’s Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. (Ministries report to the elected President.) The 30,000 figure is also far beyond tallies being compiled by activists methodically assigning names to the dead. As of Saturday, the U.S.-based Human Rights Activists News Agency said it had confirmed 5,459 deaths and is investigating 17,031 more.
TIME has been unable to independently verify these figures.
The Health Ministry’s two-day figure roughly aligns with a count gathered by physicians and first responders, and also shared with TIME. That surreptitious tally of deaths recorded by hospitals stood at 30,304 as of Friday, according to Dr. Amir Parasta, a German-Iranian eye surgeon who prepared a report of the data. Parasta said that number does not reflect protest-related deaths of people registered at military hospitals, whose bodies were taken directly to morgues, or that happened in locales the inquiry did not reach. Iran’s National Security Council has said protests took place in around 4,000 locations across the country.
“We are getting closer to reality,” Dr. Parasta said. “But I guess the real figures are still way higher.”
That appears to be the reality implicit in the government’s internal figure of more than 30,000 deaths in two days. A slaughter on that scale, in the space of 48 hours, had experts on mass killing groping for comparisons.
“Most spasms of killing are not from shootings,” said Les Roberts, a professor at Columbia University who specializes in the epidemiology of violent death. “In Aleppo [Syria] and in Fallujah [Iraq], when spasms of death this high have occurred over a few days, it involved mostly explosives with some shooting.”
The only parallel offered by online databases occurred in the Holocaust. On the outskirts of Kyiv on Sept. 29 and 30, 1941, Nazi death squads executed 33,000 Ukrainian Jews by gunshot in a ravine known as Babyn Yar.
In Iran, the killing fields extended across the country where, since Dec. 28, hundreds of thousands of citizens had assembled in the streets chanting first, for relief from an economy in freefall, and soon for the downfall of the Islamic regime. During the first week, security forces confronted some demonstrations, using mostly non-lethal force, but with officials also offering conciliatory language, the regime response was uncertain. That changed during the weekend commencing Jan. 8. Protests peaked, as opposition groups, including Reza Pahlavi, the exiled son of Iran’s former shah, urged people to join the throngs, and U.S. President Donald Trump repeated vows to protect them, though no help arrived.
Witnesses say millions were in the streets when authorities shut down the internet and all other communications with the outside world. Rooftop snipers and trucks mounted with heavy machine guns opened fire, according to eyewitnesses and cell phone footage. On Friday, Jan. 9, an official of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps warned on state television to anyone venturing into the streets, “if … a bullet hits you, don’t complain.”
It took days for the reality to penetrate the internet blackout. Images of the bloodied bodies trickled out via illicit Starlink satellite internet connections. The task of counting the dead was hampered, however, because the authorities had also cut off lines of communications inside Iran. The first firm information came from a Tehran doctor who told TIME that just six hospitals in the capital had recorded at least 217 protester deaths after Thursday’s assault. Health care workers in Iran estimated at least 16,500 protesters had been killed by Jan. 10, according to an earlier report by Dr. Parasta in Munich. Friday’s update built on that research, he said.
“I am genuinely impressed by how quickly this work was pulled together under extremely constrained and risky conditions,” said Paul B. Spiegel, a professor at the Johns Hopkins University International School of Health. Like Roberts, he expressed wariness of extrapolating from the figures provided by hospitals.
Roberts, who traveled into war zones to research civilian death rates in Iraq and the Democratic Republic of Congo, said, “the 30,000 verified deaths are almost certainly an underestimate.”
The emergence of the Ministry of Health numbers appears to confirm that—while underscoring the stakes for both Iranians and a regime that, in 1979, came to power when a sitting government was confronted by millions of people demanding its downfall.
On Friday, Jan. 9, Sahba Rashtian, an aspiring animation artist, joined friends on the streets in Isfahan, a city in central Iran famous for its beauty. "Before anyone started chanting," a friend told TIME, "Sahba was seen collapsed on the ground. Her sister noticed blood on her hand.”
Sahba died on an operating table at a nearby hospital. She was 23.
“She always joked about her beautiful name,” her friend said. “She’d laugh and say, ‘Sahba means wine, and I am forbidden in the Islamic Republic.’”
At the burial, the friend said, religious rites were barred, and Rashtian’s father wore white.
“Congratulations,” he told mourners, according to the friend. “My daughter became a martyr on the path to freedom.”
[https://time.com/?p=7357635 Time]
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Over 36,500 killed in Iran's deadliest massacre, documents reveal". Iran International. 25 January 2026
Over 36,500 killed in Iran's deadliest massacre, documents reveal.
Iran International's Editorial Board
January 25, 2026.
Men stand amid rows of corpses in a morgue in Tehran following mass killings of protestors by security forces in this undated image obtained by Iran International
Men stand amid rows of corpses in a morgue in Tehran following mass killings of protestors by security forces in this undated image obtained by Iran International
More than 36,500 Iranians were killed by security forces during the January 8-9 crackdown on nationwide protests, making it the deadliest two-day protest massacre in history, according to documents reviewed by Iran International's Editorial Board.
Iran International's Editorial Board can confirm the death toll after reviewing newly obtained classified documents, field reports, and accounts from medical staff, witnesses, and victims’ families.
The new information provides a clearer picture of the killing pattern and the scale of a crime that can now be described as the largest and bloodiest massacre of civilians during street protests, over a two-day period, in history.
Iran International has received reports and evidence indicating the extrajudicial execution of a number of detainees in Tehran and other cities. Images released from morgues leave little doubt that some wounded citizens were shot in the head while hospitalized and undergoing medical treatment. It is evident that, had these individuals sustained fatal head wounds on the streets, there would have been no reason to admit them to hospital or begin treatment in the first place.
[https://www.iranintl.com/en/202601255198 IranIntl]
Report: Death toll in Iran surpasses 36,000
Iran International reports a high death toll based on confidential reports and medical testimonies, alongside allegations of extrajudicial executions
Israel National News.
Published: Jan 25, 2026, 12:41 PM (GMT+2)
[https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/42142 INN]
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Arab affairs reporter warns: 'Rafah Crossing will create Hamastan'.
Channel 12 correspondent says allowing Egypt sole control over Gaza’s main gateway could entrench Hamas rule and turn the Strip into a permanent jihadist front.
Israel National News. Jan 25, 2026, 6:10 PM
[https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/421440 INN]
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Rafah Crossing.
Witkoff hints: US, Israel coordinating on future steps.
US envoy says talks were constructive as Washington and Jerusalem coordinate next steps on Phase 2 of Trump’s Gaza plan and broader regional issues.
Israel National News.
Jan 25, 2026, 4:35 PM
[https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/421438 INN]
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Government approves five new towns in the Negev.
The government on Sunday approved a proposal by Construction and Housing Minister Haim Katz and Settlements Minister Orit Struck to establish five new community settlements in the eastern Be'er Sheva metropolitan area.
Hezki Baruch. Jan 25, 2026, 4:34 PM (GMT+2)
[https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/421436 INN]
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'I'm a steel pipe, Hamas made me into a rocket'.
A new AI video gives a voice to the humanitarian supplies taken by Hamas for military purposes.
Israel National News. Jan 25, 2026, 5:33 PM (GMT+2)
[https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/421439 INN]
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IDF completes year-long effort to destroy southern Gaza terror tunnel route
The tunnel was located in territory where the IDF remains deployed under the U.S.-brokered truce.
JNS Staff.
(Jan. 25, 2026 / JNS)
The Israel Defense Forces has completed a year-long operation to demolish a 2.5-mile long tunnel east of the Yellow Line in southern Gaza, where the IDF remains deployed under the U.S.-brokered truce deal, the military said on Sunday.
[https://www.jns.org/idf-completes-year-long-effort-to-destroy-southern-gaza-terror-tunnel-route/ JNS]
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CENTCOM chief meets IDF’s Zamir amid US military buildup.
Adm. Brad Cooper visited the Jewish state as a guest of Israel Defense Forces Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Eyal Zamir.
JNS Staff.
(Jan. 25, 2026 / JNS)
Adm. Brad Cooper, commander of United States Central Command (CENTCOM), held meetings in Israel on Saturday amid the ongoing U.S. military buildup in the region in response to tensions with the Iranian regime.
[https://www.jns.org/centcom-chief-meets-idfs-zamir-amid-us-military-buildup/ JNS]
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Netanyahu meets Witkoff, Kushner to discuss next steps in Gaza.
Jared Kushner said the “master plan” to rebuild Gaza depends on Hamas disarming.
JNS Staff.
(Jan. 25, 2026 / JNS)
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu met on Saturday with a United States delegation, including Special Envoy to the Middle East Steve Witkoff and the architect of the White House’s Gaza initiative, Jared Kushner, to discuss the implementation of Trump’s 20-point plan to end the Gaza Conflict.
[https://www.jns.org/netanyahu-meets-witkoff-kushner-to-discuss-next-steps-in-gaza/ JNS]
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Days before Holocaust Remembrance Day, Holocaust survivors launch ‘Book of Hope’ in Jerusalem.
At emotional ceremony at the Friends of Zion Museum, 52 Holocaust survivors share personal stories of survival and hope; with candles lit in memory of victims, leaders praise their heroism and resilience, calling their testimony a gift to future generations
ynet Global| 01.25.26 19:02
Just days before International Holocaust Remembrance Day, dozens of Holocaust survivors gathered at the Friends of Zion Museum in Jerusalem for an emotional ceremony marking the launch of a new book titled “I Also Remember a Miracle.”
The book, compiled by Michal Fundeminsky, director of the survivors’ group “Dolls and Dreams,” features 52 personal stories of survival and the small miracles that shaped each survivor’s journey. It was born from weekly gatherings held every Sunday at the museum, which for years has served as a home for the group, offering regular programming and even a dedicated guesthouse for survivors to stay on site.
[https://www.ynetnews.com/jewish-world/article/rjbx00c7u11x YNet]
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New details: IDF search for Ran Gvili underway in Gaza City
After Hamas said its information led to searches at a 'specific location,' Israel confirmed a wide operation began over the weekend to locate the last slain hostage at a Gaza City cemetery, as the cabinet debates reopening the Rafah crossing
Yoav Zitun, Itamar Eichner|01.25.26
[https://www.ynetnews.com/article/bjxot07lwe YNet]
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