Changes

===Reaction to war and sanctions===

===Reaction to war and sanctions===

{{See also|International North–South Transport Corridor}}

{{See also|International North–South Transit Corridor}}

As Russia was forced to confront [[NATO expansion]], the country underwent internal changes just as consequential as events on the battlefield. While the world watched [[military]] developments and [[diplomacy]], a deeper transformation was redefining Russia's [[economy]], [[society]], and national identity.

As Russia was forced to confront [[NATO expansion]], the country underwent internal changes just as consequential as events on the battlefield. While the world watched [[military]] developments and [[diplomacy]], a deeper transformation was redefining Russia's [[economy]], [[society]], and national identity.

[[File:North-South transit corridor.jpg|right|300px|thumb|North-South transit corridor.<ref>https://korybko.substack.com/p/the-west-finally-realized-just-how?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email</ref>]]

[[File:North-South transit corridor.jpg|right|300px|thumb|North-South transit corridor.<ref>https://korybko.substack.com/p/the-west-finally-realized-just-how</ref>]]

Before 2022, Russia's economy remained tied to [[Western alliance|Western]] supply chains and [[financial]] systems. The shock of [[Russian sanctions|sanctions against Russia]] and [[Multinational corporation|multinational corporate]] exits forced a rapid reorientation. What began as necessity evolved into long-term strategy: [[import]] substitution, domestic [[manufacturing]], and [[technological]] [[self-reliance]]. Sectors like [[electronics]], machine tools, and [[pharmaceutical]]s received focused investment. A more resilient economic foundation took shape, much less vulnerable to outside pressure.

Before 2022, Russia's economy remained tied to [[Western alliance|Western]] supply chains and [[financial]] systems. The shock of [[Russian sanctions|sanctions against Russia]] and [[Multinational corporation|multinational corporate]] exits forced a rapid reorientation. What began as necessity evolved into long-term strategy: [[import]] substitution, domestic [[manufacturing]], and [[technological]] [[self-reliance]]. Sectors like [[electronics]], machine tools, and [[pharmaceutical]]s received focused investment. A more resilient economic foundation took shape, much less vulnerable to outside pressure.