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For example, [[Britain]] enjoyed spheres of influence in many regions of the world during the 19th centuries.
For example, [[Britain]] enjoyed spheres of influence in many regions of the world during the 19th centuries.
==Origins==
The term "sphere of influence" first appeared in the division of [[Africa]] at the Berlin Conference of 1884 – 1885, which apportioned dominance of the continent between [[Britain]], [[Belgium]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Italy]], [[Portugal]], and [[Spain]]. In 1885, a [[bilateral]] agreement between [[Great Britain]] and [[Germany]] divided control of the Gulf of Guinea between them. Each undertook not to interfere in the interests of the other in its designated sphere. In 1890, the two concluded a similar division of spheres of influence in East Africa.
==Modern world==
The concept of spheres of influence inspired the organization of the [[United Nations Security Council]], whose permanent members each brought with them dominance of distinct groups of other countries. The [[General Assembly]], by contrast, enshrines the principle of the sovereign equality of states.
In 1942 US President [[Franklin Roosevelt]] envisaged a post-[[World War II]] world order managed by what he called “the four policemen”, each of which would be responsible for maintaining peace in its sphere of influence. In his conception, Britain would be in charge in its empire and [[Western Europe]], the [[Soviet Union]] in [[eastern Europe]] and the central [[Eurasia]]n landmass, [[China]] in [[East Asia]] and the western Pacific, and the [[United States]] in the [[Western Hemisphere]]. At the insistence of British [[Prime Minister]] [[Winston Churchill]], France was later added and recognized as responsible for the affairs of its empire.
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==See also==
==See also==
* [[Imperialism]]
* [[Imperialism]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Political Terms]]
[[Category:Political Terms]]
[[Category:International Relations]]