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The '''Second Vatican Council''' was a massive gathering of the clerical leaders of the [[Catholic Church]] in the 1960s to consider and enact some of the most far-reaching changes in the history of the Church. Formally, it was the 21st ecumenical council of the Church, announced in 1959, opened in 1962 and closed in 1965.<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/index.htm Documents of Vatican II (vatican.va)]</ref> Informally, it was one of the fundamental changes in culture that occurred during the 1960s. It was the first council in nearly a century, and the prior council (the [[First Vatican Council]]) had been cut short by war.
The '''Second Vatican Council''' was a massive gathering of the clerical leaders of the [[Catholic Church]] in the 1960s to consider and enact some of the most far-reaching changes in the history of the Church. Formally, it was the 21st ecumenical council of the Church, announced in 1959, opened in 1962 and closed in 1965.<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/index.htm Documents of Vatican II (vatican.va)]</ref> Informally, it was one of the fundamental changes in culture that occurred during the 1960s. It was the first council in nearly a century, and the prior council (the [[First Vatican Council]]) had been cut short by war.
==The Council==
The Council converted the format of the [[Mass]] (liturgy), the central part of the Catholic Church, to more of a popular format. For example, the priest began facing the congregation rather than facing an altar with his back to the people.
*The Council converted the format of the [[Mass]] (liturgy), the central part of the Catholic Church, to more of a popular format. For example, the priest began facing the congregation rather than facing an altar with his back to the people.
*Around the same time, though not directly the result of the Council, the language of the Mass was changed from the traditional Latin to the local vernacular, such as English or Spanish.
Around the same time, though not directly the result of the Council, the language of the Mass was changed from the traditional Latin to the local vernacular, such as English or Spanish.
*Encouragement of dialogue and cooperation with other Christian denominations.
*Emphasis on the collegiality of bishops and the role of the laity in Church life.
The more traditional Catholics complained that the '''Second Vatican Council''' also did the following:
*Affirmation of the right to religious freedom and the Church's role in promoting it.
==Traditional Catholics complained==
The more traditional Catholics complained (like [[SSPX]])that the '''Second Vatican Council''' also did the following:
* softened the belief that the Catholic Church is the only true Church;
* softened the belief that the Catholic Church is the only true Church;