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The '''Khazar myth''' (officially the '''Khazar hypothesis of Ashkenazi ancestry''') claims that Ashkenazi Jews (i.e., those descended from an [[Eastern European]] bloodline) are not [[Judaism#Minhagim and ethnic groups|ethnically Jewish]] at all, but descend from the inhabitants of the medieval Turkic Khazar Empire. Myth-makers often harness this idea in attempts to discredit [[Zionism]] and/or to explain why the [[British Israelism|British]]/[[Christian Identity|Aryans]]/[[Black Hebrew Israelites|Blacks]]/Arabs/insert race here, and not the Jews, are the REAL "chosen people" of the [[Bible]]. Anti-Zionists, on the [[QAnon]] and elsewhere, often deploy the Khazar myth in an attempt to delegitimize Ashkenazi claims to being Jewish, and by extension Jewish claims to ancestral Israel.<ref>See the hate rhetoric usually associated with /motivated for promoting it:  [https://archive.is/wip/B0i2t FYI, there is nothing semetic about israel or israelis. they are descended from Khazar. ( Fake satanic (sic) jews) Put a palestinian next to an israeli. palestinian looks arabic, the israeli looks polish/german.] by @charismoa001 (7:48 AM · Apr 28, 2020) ''Twitter'' (archived from 30 Apr 2020 03:00:12 UTC).</ref> This nonsense is popular among [[Qanon]] idiots.

The '''Khazar myth''' (officially the '''Khazar hypothesis of Ashkenazi ancestry''') claims that Ashkenazi Jews (i.e., those descended from an [[Eastern European]] bloodline) are not [[Judaism#Minhagim and ethnic groups|ethnically Jewish]] at all, but descend from the inhabitants of the medieval Turkic Khazar Empire. Myth-makers often harness this idea in attempts to discredit [[Zionism]] and/or to explain why the [[British Israelism|British]]/[[Christian Identity|Aryans]]/[[Black Hebrew Israelites|Blacks]]/Arabs/insert race here, and not the Jews, are the REAL "chosen people" of the [[Bible]]. Anti-Zionists, on [[QAnon]] and elsewhere, often deploy the Khazar myth in an attempt to delegitimize Ashkenazi claims to being Jewish, and by extension Jewish claims to ancestral Israel.<ref>See the hate rhetoric usually associated with /motivated for promoting it:  [https://archive.is/wip/B0i2t FYI, there is nothing semetic about israel or israelis. they are descended from Khazar. ( Fake satanic (sic) jews) Put a palestinian next to an israeli. palestinian looks arabic, the israeli looks polish/german.] by @charismoa001 (7:48 AM · Apr 28, 2020) ''Twitter'' (archived from 30 Apr 2020 03:00:12 UTC).</ref> This nonsense is popular among [[Qanon]] idiots.

<small>(Pushed on Wikipedia by a long-time intolerant user<ref>[https://archive.ph/tRtFx Intellectual Racism]</ref>).</small>

<small>(Pushed on Wikipedia by a long-time intolerant user<ref>[https://archive.ph/tRtFx Intellectual Racism]</ref>).</small>

This claim, even if it were true, does not undermine converts who are becoming as much a part of the Jewish nation. It actually refutes the notion of "racism" in Zionism. Since converts have as much right to Israel.

This claim, even if it were true, does not undermine converts, who are as much a part of the Jewish nation. It actually refutes the notion of "racism" in Zionism, since converts have as much right to Israel.

King [[David]], for instance, was a grandchild of the first convert, [[Ruth]].

King [[David]], for instance, was a grandchild of the first convert, [[Ruth]].

==The Khazar state==

==The Khazar state==

The Khazar state, at various times referred to as the Khazar Khaganate or Khazaria, was a Central Asian polity in the [[medieval]] era.  Many Jews sought refuge from turmoil in the [[Persian]] and Eastern [[Roman Empire]]s by emigrating to the Khazar region, and by the 10^th century CE, it is estimated that there were about thirty thousand Jews living in Khazaria.<ref name=Khazaria>[http://www.khazaria.com/khazar-history.html AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF KHAZARIA, Kevin Alan Brook]</ref>  Around the 9^th century CE, with Obadiah, the Khazars' ruling class converted to Judaism, and from then on they cultivated relations with diasporic Jewish communities across Europe and Asia until their fall in the 10^th century.

The Khazar state, at various times referred to as the Khazar Khaganate or Khazaria, was a Central Asian polity in the [[medieval]] era.  Many Jews sought refuge from turmoil in the [[Persian]] Empire and the Eastern [[Roman Empire]] by emigrating to the Khazar region, and by the 10^th century CE, it is estimated that there were about thirty thousand Jews living in Khazaria.<ref name=Khazaria>[http://www.khazaria.com/khazar-history.html AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF KHAZARIA, Kevin Alan Brook]</ref>  Around the 9^th century CE, with Obadiah, the Khazars' ruling class converted to Judaism, and from then on they cultivated relations with diasporic Jewish communities across Europe and Asia until their fall in the 10^th century.

Legend: The '''Khazars''' were a [[Central Asia]]n people whose king converted to [[Judaism]] in the [[Middle Ages]]. There is a legend that he called in representatives of [[Christianity]], Judaism, and [[Islam]], in order to decide which religion to choose for himself and the royal family. After listening to each of their arguments, he chose Judaism.

Legend: The '''Khazars''' were a [[Central Asia]]n people whose king converted to [[Judaism]] in the [[Middle Ages]]. There is a legend that he called in representatives of [[Christianity]], Judaism, and [[Islam]], in order to decide which religion to choose for himself and the royal family. After listening to each of their arguments, he chose Judaism.

==Works and history==

==Works and history==

The Khazar myth has existed for over two centuries, all the way back in the early 1800s. In the early years, it was espoused both by Jews and anti-Semites. Curiously, the Khazar myth was occasionally promoted for much the opposite reason we see today: some proponents believed that it would discredit anti-Semitism. However, as evidence mounted against the theory, and it became more and more popular with Nazis, it is pretty much exclusively found being promulgated by anti-Semites in the modern era.

The Khazar myth has existed for over two centuries, going back to the early 1800s. In the early years, it was espoused both by Jews and anti-Semites. Curiously, the Khazar myth was occasionally promoted for much the opposite reason we see today: some proponents believed that it would discredit anti-Semitism. However, as evidence mounted against the theory and as it became more and more popular with Nazis, it is now pretty much exclusively promulgated by anti-Semites in the modern era.

===Palestinabuch===

===Palestinabuch===

Summary of Core Themes Sourced as Antisemitic. Core Claim of Antisemitism:

Summary of Core Themes Sourced as Antisemitic. Core Claim of Antisemitism:

Academic:His "Eurasianism" frames a cosmic war against "Atlanticists," a term experts state mirrors historical antisemitic tropes; Institutional: Groups like the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) and ADL have linked Dugin to broader white nationalist and alt-right networks that utilize antisemitic rhetoric; Geopolitical: He has recently framed the conflict in Gaza and modern Zionism within an apocalyptic framework where Israel represents the "Antichrist".</small></ref> [[Aleksandr Dugin]] claim that the text would have changed the world and revealed once and for all the true history of [[Western civilization]], if only the powers that be hadn't covered it up (International Jewish conspiracy).

Academic: His "Eurasianism" frames a cosmic war against "Atlanticists,", a term experts state mirrors historical antisemitic tropes; Institutional: Groups like the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) and ADL have linked Dugin to broader white nationalist and alt-right networks that utilize antisemitic rhetoric; Geopolitical: He has recently framed the conflict in Gaza and modern Zionism within an apocalyptic framework where Israel represents the "Antichrist".</small></ref> [[Aleksandr Dugin]] claimed that the text would have changed the world and revealed once and for all the true history of [[Western civilization]], if only the powers that be hadn't covered it up (International Jewish conspiracy).

===''The Thirteenth Tribe''===

===''The Thirteenth Tribe''===

==Genetic studies==

==Genetic studies==

Many argue that [[genetic]] studies on Jewish populations have refuted any claims of significant Khazar lineage, and have shown that most ethnic Jews draw their roots from the Middle East.<ref>[http://www.jpost.com/Sci-Tech/Article.aspx?id=282584 Jews: A religious group, people or race?] Judy Siegel-Itzkovich</ref> A genetic study led by Dr. Gil Atzmon found that European Jews were most closely related to Middle-Eastern Jews, Arab "Palestinians", [[Druze]], and non-Jewish Southern Europeans — evidence inconsistent with Khazar/Slavic [[hypotheses]].<ref>Atzmon, Gil, Li Hao, Itsik Pe'er, Christopher Velez, Alexander Pearlman, Pier Francesco Palamara, Bernice Morrow, Eitan Friedman, Carole Oddoux, Edward Burns, and Harry Ostrer. 2010. "Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry". ''The American Journal of Human Genetics'', 86: 850–859.</ref> Another genetic study led by Doron Behar found that, despite admixture from local populations, autosomal genetic samples from the Ashkenazi Jews, Caucasian Jews, Middle Eastern Jews, North African Jews, and Sephardi Jews form a relatively tight genetic cluster which overlaps with Samaritans and Israeli Druze which is strongly indicative of common Levantine ancestry.<ref>Behar, Doron M, Bayazit Yunusbayev, Mait Metspalu, Ene Metspalu, Saharon Rosset, Jüri Parik, Siiri Rootsi, Gyaneshwer Chaubey, Ildus Kutuev, Guennady Yudkovsky, Elza K. Khusnutdinova, Oleg Balanovsky, Ornella Semino, Luisa Pereira, David Comas, David Gurwitz, Batsheva Bonne-Tamir, Tudor Parfitt, Michael F. Hammer, Karl Skorecki1, and Richard Villems. 2010. "The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people". ''Nature'', 466: 238–242.</ref>

Many argue that [[genetic]] studies on Jewish populations have refuted any claims of significant Khazar lineage, and have shown that most ethnic Jews draw their roots from the Middle East.<ref>[http://www.jpost.com/Sci-Tech/Article.aspx?id=282584 Jews: A religious group, people or race?] Judy Siegel-Itzkovich</ref> A genetic study led by Dr. Gil Atzmon found that European Jews were most closely related to Middle Eastern Jews, Arab "Palestinians", [[Druze]], and non-Jewish Southern Europeans — evidence inconsistent with Khazar/Slavic [[hypotheses]].<ref>Atzmon, Gil, Li Hao, Itsik Pe'er, Christopher Velez, Alexander Pearlman, Pier Francesco Palamara, Bernice Morrow, Eitan Friedman, Carole Oddoux, Edward Burns, and Harry Ostrer. 2010. "Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry". ''The American Journal of Human Genetics'', 86: 850–859.</ref> Another genetic study led by Doron Behar found that, despite admixture from local populations, autosomal genetic samples from the Ashkenazi Jews, Caucasian Jews, Middle Eastern Jews, North African Jews, and Sephardi Jews form a relatively tight genetic cluster which overlaps with Samaritans and Israeli Druze which is strongly indicative of common Levantine ancestry.<ref>Behar, Doron M, Bayazit Yunusbayev, Mait Metspalu, Ene Metspalu, Saharon Rosset, Jüri Parik, Siiri Rootsi, Gyaneshwer Chaubey, Ildus Kutuev, Guennady Yudkovsky, Elza K. Khusnutdinova, Oleg Balanovsky, Ornella Semino, Luisa Pereira, David Comas, David Gurwitz, Batsheva Bonne-Tamir, Tudor Parfitt, Michael F. Hammer, Karl Skorecki1, and Richard Villems. 2010. "The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people". ''Nature'', 466: 238–242.</ref>

This argument has been challenged by one recent genetic study by Johns Hopkins University geneticist Dr. Eran Elhaik.<ref>Eran Elhaik (December 14, 2012) [http://gbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/12/14/gbe.evs119.short?rss=1 "The Missing Link of Jewish European Ancestry: Contrasting the Rhineland and the Khazarian Hypotheses"]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130321235013/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iJN90t2gN6hxGiFQuBv-gYQE060w?docId=CNG.52483183e4e0f60d963361c17572c848.81 Gene study settles debate over origin of European Jews] (Jan 16, 2013) ''AFP'' (archived from March 21, 2013).</ref> However, Elhaik's study does not fully address the findings of previous studies, particularly the overlap between Ashkenazi Jewish populations and native endogamous Levantine populations such as the Samaritans and Druze. Elhaik's use of Palestinian Arabs as representative of ancestral Israelite genetics is questionable in light of previous genetic studies which have uncovered evidence of significant African gene flow present in Arab, but not non-Arab Middle-Eastern populations.<ref>Moorjani P, Patterson N, Hirschhorn JN, Keinan A, Hao L, et al. (2011) "The History of African Gene Flow into Southern Europeans, Levantines, and Jews". http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/...l.pgen.1001373</ref><ref> Martin Richards, Chiara Rengo, Fulvio Cruciani, Fiona Gratrix, et al. (2003) "Extensive Female-Mediated Gene Flow from Sub-Saharan Africa into Near Eastern Arab Populations" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1180338/</ref> White supremacist blogger<ref>[https://www.politico.com/blogs/media/2015/03/new-york-times-drops-razib-khan-204287 New York Times drops Razib Khan] Byers, Dylan ''Politico'' 19 March 2015</ref> Razib Khan argues that Elhaik's conclusions rely on poorly reasoned assumptions and that "the Caucasian component that is being detected in this paper may simply be a[n] indigenous Middle Eastern ancestral element which has now been somewhat displaced northward in its modal frequency due to the expansion of the Arabs."<ref>[http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/08/ashkenazi-jews-are-probably-not-descended-from-the-khazars/ Ashkenazi Jews are probably not descended from the Khazars] by Razib Khan (August 8, 2012 11:27 pm) ''Discover''.</ref>

This argument has been challenged by one recent genetic study by Johns Hopkins University geneticist Dr. Eran Elhaik.<ref>Eran Elhaik (December 14, 2012) [http://gbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/12/14/gbe.evs119.short?rss=1 "The Missing Link of Jewish European Ancestry: Contrasting the Rhineland and the Khazarian Hypotheses"]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130321235013/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iJN90t2gN6hxGiFQuBv-gYQE060w?docId=CNG.52483183e4e0f60d963361c17572c848.81 Gene study settles debate over origin of European Jews] (Jan 16, 2013) ''AFP'' (archived from March 21, 2013).</ref> However, Elhaik's study does not fully address the findings of previous studies, particularly the overlap between Ashkenazi Jewish populations and native endogamous Levantine populations such as the Samaritans and Druze. Elhaik's use of Palestinian Arabs as representative of ancestral Israelite genetics is questionable in light of previous genetic studies which have uncovered evidence of significant African gene flow present in Arab, but not non-Arab Middle Eastern populations.<ref>Moorjani P, Patterson N, Hirschhorn JN, Keinan A, Hao L, et al. (2011) "The History of African Gene Flow into Southern Europeans, Levantines, and Jews". http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/...l.pgen.1001373</ref><ref> Martin Richards, Chiara Rengo, Fulvio Cruciani, Fiona Gratrix, et al. (2003) "Extensive Female-Mediated Gene Flow from Sub-Saharan Africa into Near Eastern Arab Populations" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1180338/</ref> White supremacist blogger<ref>[https://www.politico.com/blogs/media/2015/03/new-york-times-drops-razib-khan-204287 New York Times drops Razib Khan] Byers, Dylan ''Politico'' 19 March 2015</ref> Razib Khan argues that Elhaik's conclusions rely on poorly reasoned assumptions and that "the Caucasian component that is being detected in this paper may simply be a[n] indigenous Middle Eastern ancestral element which has now been somewhat displaced northward in its modal frequency due to the expansion of the Arabs."<ref>[http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/08/ashkenazi-jews-are-probably-not-descended-from-the-khazars/ Ashkenazi Jews are probably not descended from the Khazars] by Razib Khan (August 8, 2012 11:27 pm) ''Discover''.</ref>

None of these studies of Ashkenazi Jews have detected evidence of a significant Central or East Asian genetic component which is present in other Turkic populations. The actual Khazars would likely have been assimilated by the Krymchaks (Crimean Jews) following the fall of Khazaria. Even so, the Krymchaks had a long history of assimilating other Jews who came to the Crimea, so their ancestry is still largely Levantine.<ref> "Who Were The Krymchaks?" [http://www.family.askinazy.com/WhoWereTheKrymchaks.pdf] </ref>

None of these studies of Ashkenazi Jews have detected evidence of a significant Central or East Asian genetic component that is present in other Turkic populations. The actual Khazars would likely have been assimilated by the Krymchaks (Crimean Jews) following the fall of Khazaria. Even so, the Krymchaks had a long history of assimilating other Jews who came to the Crimea, so their ancestry is still largely Levantine.<ref> "Who Were The Krymchaks?" [http://www.family.askinazy.com/WhoWereTheKrymchaks.pdf] </ref>

==Historian in 2021==

==Historian in 2021==

Furthermore, Judaism has allowed for voluntary conversion through most of its history. Indeed, the great-grandmother of [[King David]], [[Ruth]], was a Moabite convert. Therefore, even if the Ashkenazi were descendants of Khazar converts, they would still be entirely, legitimately Jewish in the eyes of Jewish law.

Furthermore, Judaism has allowed for voluntary conversion through most of its history. Indeed, the great-grandmother of [[King David]], [[Ruth]], was a Moabite convert. Therefore, even if the Ashkenazi were descendants of Khazar converts, they would still be entirely, legitimately Jewish in the eyes of Jewish law.

Additionally, there is the question of gene mixing which would inevitably occur when two populations lived close together. No matter how stringent social or religious constraints might be against either, mixed marriages and extramarital [[sex]] are still going to happen. An excellent example of this is [[African American]]s who have a much lighter skin tone than is common in the West African home of their ancestors. This is of course due to widespread marital and extramarital mixture with non-black populations in the US, and [[slaves]] often didn't [[Rape|have a say in the matter]]. [[Thomas Jefferson]] and his children are just one well-known example of this. In the case of Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemmings, what often gets left out is that Sally Hemmings was Jefferson's wife's half-sister and was 3/4 white. She was a slave by accident of birth, and her six children with Jefferson were 7/8 white yet born into slavery, highlighting the whole absurdity and cruelty of the practice. [[Obama]]'s ''mother'' is another good example; it turns out that one of her ancestors happened to be among the first Africans in the colonies and arguably the first slave.<ref>Family of Barack Obama</ref> And this was a result of — at best — four centuries of living side-by-side, not twelve centuries as would be the case with the Khazars.

Additionally, there is the question of gene mixing which would inevitably occur when two populations lived close together. No matter how stringent social or religious constraints might be against either, mixed marriages and extramarital [[sex]] are still going to happen. An excellent example of this is [[African American]]s who have a much lighter skin tone than is common in the West African home of their ancestors. This is of course due to widespread marital and extramarital mixture with non-black populations in the US, and [[slaves]] often didn't [[Rape|have a say in the matter]]. [[Thomas Jefferson]] and his children are just one well-known example of this. In the case of Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemmings, what often gets left out is that Sally Hemmings was Jefferson's wife's half-sister and was three-quarters white. She was a slave by accident of birth, and her six children with Jefferson were seven-eighths white yet born into slavery, highlighting the whole absurdity and cruelty of the practice. [[Obama]]'s ''mother'' is another good example; it turns out that one of her ancestors happened to be among the first Africans in the colonies and arguably the first slave.<ref>Family of Barack Obama</ref> And this was a result of — at best — four centuries of living side-by-side, not twelve centuries as would be the case with the Khazars.

[In any case, Zionism isn't about a 'race' or specific group. Converts are Jews].

[In any case, Zionism isn't about a 'race' or specific group. Converts are Jews].

[[File:Palestine Arab Neo-Nazi alliance by Issa Nakhkeh denies Holocaust in 1972.jpg|thumb|Palestine Arab Neo-Nazi alliance by Issa Nakhleh denies Holocaust in 1972]]

[[File:Palestine Arab Neo-Nazi alliance by Issa Nakhkeh denies Holocaust in 1972.jpg|thumb|Palestine Arab Neo-Nazi alliance by Issa Nakhleh denies Holocaust in 1972]]

[[Issa Nakhleh]] (1915-2003), who, as the ''Falastin'' correspondent in London,<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1938/01/14/01/article/7/ The Palestine Post, 14 January 1938, p. 2] "A Gliding Policy."</ref> had defended an Arab propaganda center in Nazi Germany (in 1939)<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1939/07/13/01/article/84 The Palestine Post, 13 July 1939, p. 6]. "The 'Settlement' in Palestine A Triumph For The 'Axis' "</ref>; of infamous ex-Mufti al-Husseini's henchmen (1946) at the ''[[Arab Higher Committee]]''<ref>The Nation.(1947).United States:J.H. Richards, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2qvzeqji9kEC&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Nakhleh p. 561]. May 17, 1947.

[[Issa Nakhleh]] (1915–2003), who, as the ''Falastin'' correspondent in London,<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1938/01/14/01/article/7/ The Palestine Post, 14 January 1938, p. 2] "A Gliding Policy."</ref> had defended an Arab propaganda center in Nazi Germany (in 1939)<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1939/07/13/01/article/84 The Palestine Post, 13 July 1939, p. 6]. "The 'Settlement' in Palestine A Triumph For The 'Axis' "</ref>, was one of the infamous ex-Mufti al-Husseini's henchmen (1946) at the ''[[Arab Higher Committee]]''<ref>The Nation.(1947).United States:J.H. Richards, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2qvzeqji9kEC&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Nakhleh p. 561]. May 17, 1947.

"The Mufti's Henchmen" -"A Who's Who"</ref>; he pioneered Nazi comparisons and even making Nazi atrocities "less" bad (June 1949).<ref>I. Nakhleh ''Memorandum'' to the UN June-17-1949.</ref> Nakhleh praised the [[Nazi]] regime (1950s),<ref>Anti-Jewish Activities of the Arabs in Argentine - ''DAIA'', 1958. pp.18-9.

"The Mufti's Henchmen" -"A Who's Who"</ref>; he pioneered Nazi comparisons and even made Nazi atrocities "less" bad (June 1949).<ref>I. Nakhleh ''Memorandum'' to the UN June-17-1949.</ref> Nakhleh praised the [[Nazi]] regime (1950s),<ref>Anti-Jewish Activities of the Arabs in Argentine - ''DAIA'', 1958. pp.18-9.

[https://www.bjpa.org/content/upload/bjpa/anti/ANTI-JEWISH%20ACTIVITIES%20OF%20THE%20ARABS%20IN%20ARGENTINE%20APRIL%201958.pdf].

[https://www.bjpa.org/content/upload/bjpa/anti/ANTI-JEWISH%20ACTIVITIES%20OF%20THE%20ARABS%20IN%20ARGENTINE%20APRIL%201958.pdf].

{{quotebox|There he publishes 'America y Oriente' from November 20, 1952, "known for its systematical anti-jewish campaign and its glorification of the totalitarian regimes, particularly of the nazi Germany.}}</ref> as he was weaving "a network of connections with.. the movements of the nationalist right, and with German immigrants nostalgic for the days of the Third Reich"<ref>Rein,R.(2022).[https://books.google.com/books?id=Knh3EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT140 Jewish Self-Defense in South America: Facing Anti-Semitism with a Club in Hand].United Kingdom:Taylor & Francis</ref>; had denied the Holocaust: May-1970,<ref>(1970)"Anti‐Zionists" and antisemites,Patterns of Prejudice,4:4,28,DOI:10.1080/0031322X.1970.9968931

{{quotebox|There he publishes 'America y Oriente' from November 20, 1952, "known for its systematical anti-jewish campaign and its glorification of the totalitarian regimes, particularly of the nazi Germany.}}</ref> as he was weaving "a network of connections with.. the movements of the nationalist right, and with German immigrants nostalgic for the days of the Third Reich"<ref>Rein,R.(2022).[https://books.google.com/books?id=Knh3EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT140 Jewish Self-Defense in South America: Facing Anti-Semitism with a Club in Hand].United Kingdom:Taylor & Francis</ref>; had denied the Holocaust: May-1970,<ref>(1970)"Anti‐Zionists" and antisemites,Patterns of Prejudice,4:4,28,DOI:10.1080/0031322X.1970.9968931

At the time, he again promoted the Khazar myth.<ref>B'nai B'rith Messenger, 17 November 1972, [https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/bbh/1972/11/17/01/article/204 p. 34]. "Behind The Scenes".</ref>

At the time, he again promoted the Khazar myth.<ref>B'nai B'rith Messenger, 17 November 1972, [https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/bbh/1972/11/17/01/article/204 p. 34]. "Behind The Scenes".</ref>

He continued Holocaust denial in Sep 1978, sending his Memorandum to [[Jimmy Carter]] and Anwar Sadat not to make peace - ''Camp David'',<ref>Dalin,D.(2017).Icon of Evil: Hitler's Mufti and the Rise of Radical Islam.United Kingdom:Taylor & Francis.

He continued Holocaust denial in September 1978, sending his Memorandum to [[Jimmy Carter]] and Anwar Sadat not to make peace - ''Camp David'',<ref>Dalin,D.(2017).Icon of Evil: Hitler's Mufti and the Rise of Radical Islam.United Kingdom:Taylor & Francis.

[https://books.google.com/books?id=dUz4AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA120#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 120]</ref> and in 1981,<ref name=spectator/> and 1982;<ref name=nizkor/><ref>Manor,Y.(1984).Anti-Zionism.Israel:Department of Information, World Zionist Organization, p. 20.

[https://books.google.com/books?id=dUz4AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA120#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 120]</ref> and in 1981,<ref name=spectator/> and 1982;<ref name=nizkor/><ref>Manor,Y.(1984).Anti-Zionism.Israel:Department of Information, World Zionist Organization, p. 20.

[https://books.google.com/books?id=O71tAAAAMAAJ&q=issa%20nakhleh%20hitler]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=O71tAAAAMAAJ&q=issa%20nakhleh%20hitler]

{{quotebox|...also the telegram sent by Issa Nakhleh, President of the Palestinian Arab Delegation to the United Nations and Judicial Adviser to the World Muslim Congress, to the Attorney-General of Stockholm...}}</ref> had been working with [[neo-Nazis]] for decades (1963-1984).<ref>Nadeau,J.(2011).The Canadian Fuhrer: The Life of Adrien Arcand.Canada:James Lorimer Limited, Publishers, [https://books.google.com/books?id=D630umvXNKoC&pg=PA351 p. 351]</ref>

{{quotebox|...also the telegram sent by Issa Nakhleh, President of the Palestinian Arab Delegation to the United Nations and Judicial Adviser to the World Muslim Congress, to the Attorney-General of Stockholm...}}</ref> he had been working with [[neo-Nazis]] for decades (1963–1984).<ref>Nadeau,J.(2011).The Canadian Fuhrer: The Life of Adrien Arcand.Canada:James Lorimer Limited, Publishers, [https://books.google.com/books?id=D630umvXNKoC&pg=PA351 p. 351]</ref>

<ref>(1979)National front reverse,Patterns of Prejudice,13:2,26-27,DOI:10.1080/0031322X.1979.9969498

<ref>(1979)National front reverse,Patterns of Prejudice,13:2,26-27,DOI:10.1080/0031322X.1979.9969498

[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0031322X.1979.9969498]

[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0031322X.1979.9969498]

It was this Issa Nakhleh who, in 1961, announced his (renewal org. under title) ''PAD'' - ''Palestine Arab Delegation.''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=magcAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA5 The Canadian Jewish Chronicle, Aug 4, 1961, p. 5]. "Israel At the United Nations."

It was this Issa Nakhleh who, in 1961, announced his (renewal org. under title) ''PAD'' - ''Palestine Arab Delegation.''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=magcAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA5 The Canadian Jewish Chronicle, Aug 4, 1961, p. 5]. "Israel At the United Nations."

By Saul Carson.</ref>

By Saul Carson.</ref>

By then, he disseminated at U.N. delegations a formal statement of the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem declaring: "The enmity of Nazis to Jews was based" on supposed "research." In August 1961, it adopted the anti-Semitic canard of the Khazar.<ref>"Nasser's Anti-Jewish Propaganda."

By then, he disseminated to U.N. delegations a formal statement of the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem declaring: "The enmity of Nazis to Jews was based" on supposed "research." In August 1961, it adopted the anti-Semitic canard of the Khazar.<ref>"Nasser's Anti-Jewish Propaganda."

Publication Date:July 8, 1965

Publication Date:July 8, 1965

[https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp67b00446r000400170011-8 CIA]

[https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp67b00446r000400170011-8 CIA]