Changes

===Religious Persecution===

===Religious Persecution===

While for many years India has been known as an area of the world where a melting pot of religions could be practiced freely, troubling and persistent persecution against [[Christian]]s by the [[Hindu]] majority arose in the 1990s and has continued since that time.  In October 2008, 38 Christians were killed and 30,000 fled from efforts of Hindu nationalist militants to force them to convert to Hinduism.<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27380721</ref>There are also frequent attacks upon Indian Christians by [[Muslims]] in India, who make up a large proportion of the population. They subject the Indian Christian population to harassment and intimidation, particularly those who were previously Muslims. In 2006, a Muslim who converted to Christianity in the Indian state of Kashmir was shot dead by [[Jihadism|Jihadist]] militants .<ref>http://www.speroforum.com/site/article.asp?id=6705</ref>

While for many years India has been known as an area of the world where a melting pot of religions could be practiced freely, troubling and persistent persecution against [[Christian]]s by the [[Hindu]] majority arose in the 1990s and has continued since that time.  In October 2008, 38 Christians were killed and 30,000 fled from efforts of Hindu nationalist militants to force them to convert to Hinduism.<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27380721</ref>There are also frequent attacks upon Indian Christians by [[Muslims]] in India, who make up a large proportion of the population. They subject the Indian Christian population to harassment and intimidation, particularly those who were previously Muslims. In 2006, a Muslim who converted to Christianity in the Indian state of Kashmir was shot dead by [[Jihadism|Jihadist]] militants.<ref>http://www.speroforum.com/site/article.asp?id=6705</ref>

==Government==

==Government==

===United States===

===United States===

In September 2022, the [[Biden regime]] approved a $450 million [[F-16]] fighter jet fleet maintenance programme to Pakistan ,<ref>https://youtu.be/_3F6bVOyS68</ref> reversing the decision of the previous [[Trump administration]] to suspend military aid to Islamabad for providing safe havens for the Afghan [[Taliban]] and the [[Haqqani network]]. Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar rejected the logic that the F-16 sustainment package approved by the Biden regime for Pakistan was to fight terrorism. Jaishankar said that everybody knows where and against whom F-16 fighter jets are used, an indirect reference that Pakistan uses them against India. “You are not fooling anybody by saying these things,” Jaishankar said in response to a question during an interaction with Indian-Americans.

In September 2022, the [[Biden regime]] approved a $450 million [[F-16]] fighter jet fleet maintenance programme to Pakistan,<ref>https://youtu.be/_3F6bVOyS68</ref> reversing the decision of the previous [[Trump administration]] to suspend military aid to Islamabad for providing safe havens for the Afghan [[Taliban]] and the [[Haqqani network]]. Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar rejected the logic that the F-16 sustainment package approved by the Biden regime for Pakistan was to fight terrorism. Jaishankar said that everybody knows where and against whom F-16 fighter jets are used, an indirect reference that Pakistan uses them against India. “You are not fooling anybody by saying these things,” Jaishankar said in response to a question during an interaction with Indian-Americans.

===China===

===China===

The year 2025 marks the 75th anniversary of [[diplomatic]] relations between India and [[China]]. Chinese Foreign Minister [[Wang Yi]] stated that China is keen to collaborate with India to build on past experiences and open up new possibilities for future engagement. "China stands ready to work with India to sum up past experience and forge a fast forward and advance China-India relations on the track of sound and stable development," he said.

The year 2025 marks the 75th anniversary of [[diplomatic]] relations between India and [[China]]. Chinese Foreign Minister [[Wang Yi]] stated that China is keen to collaborate with India to build on past experiences and open up new possibilities for future engagement. "China stands ready to work with India to sum up past experience and forge a fast forward and advance China-India relations on the track of sound and stable development," he said.

While challenges remain, recent diplomatic engagements signal a shift towards a more [[pragmatic]] approach. Both countries appear committed to dialogue, reducing tensions, and shaping a future where they can coexist as strong, cooperative partners .<ref>https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/hindi-chini-bhai-bhai-2-0-dragon-and-elephant-must-dance-together-says-china-fm-pushing-for-stronger-sino-india-ties/articleshow/118779096.cms</ref>

While challenges remain, recent diplomatic engagements signal a shift towards a more [[pragmatic]] approach. Both countries appear committed to dialogue, reducing tensions, and shaping a future where they can coexist as strong, cooperative partners.<ref>https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/hindi-chini-bhai-bhai-2-0-dragon-and-elephant-must-dance-together-says-china-fm-pushing-for-stronger-sino-india-ties/articleshow/118779096.cms</ref>

==Bilateral and Regional Relations==

==Bilateral and Regional Relations==

===Relations with China===

===Relations with China===

In June 2020 troops from the [[Peoples Liberation Army]] (PLA) and India clashed in the Galwan Valley .<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53062484</ref> The battle was fought with rocks, batons, and barbed wire-wrapped clubs. A 1996 agreement banned the use of guns and explosives along the disputed line of control. India reported that 20 of its soldiers were killed, whereas the [[Peoples Republic of China]] (PRC) did not report any of its deaths. Indian media and the [[Russia]] news agency [[TASS]] reported that as many as 45 PLA soldiers may have been killed .<ref>https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/china-says-5-military-officers-soldiers-killed-in-galwan-clash-with-india-report-2373770</ref> Over the following 12 months the PLA increased its troop strength along the border from 15,000 to 50,000 by July 2021, and moved advanced surface-to-air missiles including its HQ-9 system, which is similar to Russia’s S-300 and America’s [[Patriot missile]] .<ref>https://archive.is/6Hbvt</ref>

In June 2020 troops from the [[Peoples Liberation Army]] (PLA) and India clashed in the Galwan Valley.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53062484</ref> The battle was fought with rocks, batons, and barbed wire-wrapped clubs. A 1996 agreement banned the use of guns and explosives along the disputed line of control. India reported that 20 of its soldiers were killed, whereas the [[Peoples Republic of China]] (PRC) did not report any of its deaths. Indian media and the [[Russia]] news agency [[TASS]] reported that as many as 45 PLA soldiers may have been killed.<ref>https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/china-says-5-military-officers-soldiers-killed-in-galwan-clash-with-india-report-2373770</ref> Over the following 12 months the PLA increased its troop strength along the border from 15,000 to 50,000 by July 2021, and moved advanced surface-to-air missiles including its HQ-9 system, which is similar to Russia’s S-300 and America’s [[Patriot missile]].<ref>https://archive.is/6Hbvt</ref>

[[Ladakh]] was not the only Himalayan hotspot. There is a Chinese encroachment in India's Sikkim as well as incursions in neighboring Bhutan and Nepal .<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-55793112</ref>

[[Ladakh]] was not the only Himalayan hotspot. There is a Chinese encroachment in India's Sikkim as well as incursions in neighboring Bhutan and Nepal.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-55793112</ref>

[[Beijing]]'s campaign against India has been multifaceted. Cleo Paskal of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies said, "Since June of last year [2020], there was a China-attributed attack on the Mumbai electric grid, Chinese-linked [[Maoist]] terrorists killed another 20 Indian security forces, and we witnessed a destructive attack on an iPhone parts-manufacturing plant that looks like part of a Beijing political warfare operation to discourage the shifting of supply chains to India." Paskal explains, "The breadth and depth of the Communist Party's aggressive unrestricted warfare against India leads one to think there are no barriers to Beijing's malign behavior."

[[Beijing]]'s campaign against India has been multifaceted. Cleo Paskal of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies said, "Since June of last year [2020], there was a China-attributed attack on the Mumbai electric grid, Chinese-linked [[Maoist]] terrorists killed another 20 Indian security forces, and we witnessed a destructive attack on an iPhone parts-manufacturing plant that looks like part of a Beijing political warfare operation to discourage the shifting of supply chains to India." Paskal explains, "The breadth and depth of the Communist Party's aggressive unrestricted warfare against India leads one to think there are no barriers to Beijing's malign behavior."

China has changed the definition of "warfare," and one of its instruments is disease. If [[SARS-CoV-2]], the pathogen causing [[COVID-19]], did not start out as a [[biological weapon]], [[Chinese Communist Party]] leaders turned it into one by lying about contagiousness and pressuring other countries to take disease-ridden arrivals from China .<ref>https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/17547/china-mobilizing-war</ref>

China has changed the definition of "warfare," and one of its instruments is disease. If [[SARS-CoV-2]], the pathogen causing [[COVID-19]], did not start out as a [[biological weapon]], [[Chinese Communist Party]] leaders turned it into one by lying about contagiousness and pressuring other countries to take disease-ridden arrivals from China.<ref>https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/17547/china-mobilizing-war</ref>

===Russia===

===Russia===

The supreme command of the Indian armed forces is vested in the President of India. Policies concerning India's defense, and the armed forces as a whole, are formulated and confirmed by the Cabinet.  

The supreme command of the Indian armed forces is vested in the President of India. Policies concerning India's defense, and the armed forces as a whole, are formulated and confirmed by the Cabinet.  

In April 2024 Indian news sources reported that India received its first batch of 24 Russian [[Igla]]-S [[MANPAD|man-portable air defense systems]] and 100 missiles. India and [[Russia]] signed a contract in November 2023 for the supply of 120 systems and 400 missiles. Although the first systems were supplied from Russia, the remaining ones will reportedly be produced in India .<ref>[https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indian-army-gets-portable-igla-s-air-defence-system-heres-all-about-next-gen-missiles-to-be-deployed-at-china-pakistan-borders/articleshow/109133759.cms Indian Army gets portable Igla-S Air defence system; Here's all about next-gen missiles to be deployed at China, Pakistan borders], ''ET Online'', Apr 08, 2024. economictimes.indiatimes.com</ref>

In April 2024 Indian news sources reported that India received its first batch of 24 Russian [[Igla]]-S [[MANPAD|man-portable air defense systems]] and 100 missiles. India and [[Russia]] signed a contract in November 2023 for the supply of 120 systems and 400 missiles. Although the first systems were supplied from Russia, the remaining ones will reportedly be produced in India.<ref>[https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indian-army-gets-portable-igla-s-air-defence-system-heres-all-about-next-gen-missiles-to-be-deployed-at-china-pakistan-borders/articleshow/109133759.cms Indian Army gets portable Igla-S Air defence system; Here's all about next-gen missiles to be deployed at China, Pakistan borders], ''ET Online'', Apr 08, 2024. economictimes.indiatimes.com</ref>

===Indian Army===

===Indian Army===