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The '''Civilian Conservation Corps''' ('''CCC''') was a work relief program for young men from unemployed families that operated 1933-42 all across the country. It was created on March 19, 1933 by President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] in his first "Hundred Days." It was part of the [[New Deal]] designed to provide relief for families where the father was unemployed during the [[Great Depression]].  The CCC became the most popular New Deal program among the general public, appealing to liberals and conservatives alike, all of whom were worried about the long-term future of unemployed, unskilled poor young men.  Some 3 million young men went to camps of about 200 men each for six month periods where they were paid to do outdoor construction work. The Indian Division was a major relief agency for Indian reservations. After 1940 the CCC concentrated on defense projects, but by 1942 the draft and full employment dried up the pool of applicants and the [[Conservative Coalition]] in Congress ended the CCC.  In the 1970s several states, notably California, operated similar programs.  

The '''Civilian Conservation Corps''' ('''CCC''') was a work relief program for young men from unemployed families that operated 1933-42 all across the country. It was created on March 19, 1933, by President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] in his first "Hundred Days." It was part of the [[New Deal]] designed to provide relief for families where the father was unemployed during the [[Great Depression]].  The CCC became the most popular New Deal program among the general public, appealing to liberals and conservatives alike, all of whom were worried about the long-term future of unemployed, unskilled poor young men.  Some 3 million young men went to camps of about 200 men each for six month periods where they were paid to do outdoor construction work. The Indian Division was a major relief agency for Indian reservations. After 1940 the CCC concentrated on defense projects, but by 1942 the draft and full employment dried up the pool of applicants and the [[Conservative Coalition]] in Congress ended the CCC.  In the 1970s several states, notably California, operated similar programs.  

==Establishment==

==Establishment==

* Cole, Olen Jr. ''The African-American Experience in the Civilian Conservation Corps'' (1999)

* Cole, Olen Jr. ''The African-American Experience in the Civilian Conservation Corps'' (1999)

*  Cornebise, Alfred Emile.  ''The CCC Chronicles: Camp Newspapers of the Civilian Conservation Corps, 1933-1942.'' McFarland, 2004. 286 pp  

*  Cornebise, Alfred Emile.  ''The CCC Chronicles: Camp Newspapers of the Civilian Conservation Corps, 1933-1942.'' McFarland, 2004. 286 pp  

* Gower, Calvin W. "The CCC Indian Division: Aid for Depressed Americans, 1933-1942," ''Minnesota History'' 43 (Spring 1972) 7-12

* Gower, Calvin W. "The CCC Indian Division: Aid for Depressed Americans, 1933-1942," ''Minnesota History'' 43 (Spring 1972) 7–12

* [http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/about/history/articles/ccc.html Douglas Helms, "The Civilian Conservation Corps: Demonstrating the Value of Soil Conservation" in ''Journal of Soil and Water Conservation'' 40 (March-April 1985): 184-188.]

* [http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/about/history/articles/ccc.html Douglas Helms, "The Civilian Conservation Corps: Demonstrating the Value of Soil Conservation" in ''Journal of Soil and Water Conservation'' 40 (March-April 1985): 184-188.]

* Hendrickson Jr.; Kenneth E. "Replenishing the Soil and the Soul of Texas: The Civilian Conservation Corps in the Lone Star State as an Example of State-Federal Work Relief during the Great Depression" ''The Historian'', Vol. 65, 2003  

* Hendrickson Jr.; Kenneth E. "Replenishing the Soil and the Soul of Texas: The Civilian Conservation Corps in the Lone Star State as an Example of State-Federal Work Relief during the Great Depression" ''The Historian'', Vol. 65, 2003  

* Salmond, John A. "The Civilian Conservation Corps and the Negro," ''The Journal of American History,'' Vol. 52, No. 1. (Jun., 1965), pp. 75–88. [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-8723%28196506%2952%3A1%3C75%3ATCCCAT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-M in JSTOR]

* Salmond, John A. "The Civilian Conservation Corps and the Negro," ''The Journal of American History,'' Vol. 52, No. 1. (Jun., 1965), pp. 75–88. [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-8723%28196506%2952%3A1%3C75%3ATCCCAT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-M in JSTOR]

*  Sherraden, Michael W.  "Military Participation in a Youth Employment Program: The Civilian Conservation Corps," ''Armed Forces & Society,'' vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 227–245, April 1981  pp 227–245; ISSN  0095-327X  available online from SAGE Publications   

*  Sherraden, Michael W.  "Military Participation in a Youth Employment Program: The Civilian Conservation Corps," ''Armed Forces & Society,'' vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 227–245, April 1981  pp 227–245; ISSN  0095-327X  available online from SAGE Publications   

* Speakman, Joseph M. "The New Deal Arrives in Penn's Woods: the Beginnings of the Civilian Conservation Corps in Pennsylvania." ''Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography'' 2006 130(2): 211-232. Issn: 0031-4587 Fulltext: [[History Cooperative]]

* Speakman, Joseph M. "The New Deal Arrives in Penn's Woods: the Beginnings of the Civilian Conservation Corps in Pennsylvania." ''Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography'' 2006 130(2): 211–232. Issn: 0031-4587 Fulltext: [[History Cooperative]]

*  Steely, James W.  "Parks for Texas: Enduring Landscapes of the New Deal" (1999), detailing the interaction of local, state and federal agencies in organizing and guiding CCC work.  [https://www.amazon.com/Parks-Texas-Enduring-Landscapes-Caldwell/dp/0292777345/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203832511&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]

*  Steely, James W.  "Parks for Texas: Enduring Landscapes of the New Deal" (1999), detailing the interaction of local, state and federal agencies in organizing and guiding CCC work.  [https://www.amazon.com/Parks-Texas-Enduring-Landscapes-Caldwell/dp/0292777345/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203832511&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]

*  Wilson, James; "Community, Civility, and Citizenship: Theatre and Indoctrination in the Civilian Conservation Corps of the 1930s" ''Theatre History Studies'', Vol. 23, 2003 pp 77–92 [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&se=gglsc&d=5001971468 online edition]

*  Wilson, James; "Community, Civility, and Citizenship: Theatre and Indoctrination in the Civilian Conservation Corps of the 1930s" ''Theatre History Studies'', Vol. 23, 2003 pp 77–92 [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&se=gglsc&d=5001971468 online edition]