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'''Hubert Horatio Humphrey, Jr.''' (May 27, 1911 – January 13, 1978), called '''HHH''',  was a leading New Deal liberal Democrat of the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, serving as [[Vice President of the United States of America|Vice President]] under [[Lyndon Johnson]] from 1965 to 1969.  He was defeated for the presidency by Republican [[Richard M. Nixon]] in 1968. As senator from Minnesota he spoke for all the liberal causes, especially on behalf of organized labor and civil rights.  He helped purge the Democratic party of its [[far-left]] elements in the 1940s and supported the [[containment]] policy in the [[Cold War]].  He tried but failed to win the Democratic presidential nomination in 1960, 1972, and 1976 as the old [[New Deal Coalition]] fell apart.

'''Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr.''' (May 27, 1911 – January 13, 1978), called '''HHH''',  was a leading New Deal liberal Democrat of the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, serving as [[Vice President of the United States of America|Vice President]] under [[Lyndon Johnson]] from 1965 to 1969.  He was defeated for the presidency by Republican [[Richard M. Nixon]] in 1968. As senator from Minnesota he spoke for all the liberal causes, especially on behalf of organized labor and civil rights.  He helped purge the Democratic party of its [[far-left]] elements in the 1940s and supported the [[containment]] policy in the [[Cold War]].  He tried but failed to win the Democratic presidential nomination in 1960, 1972, and 1976 as the old [[New Deal Coalition]] fell apart.

==Career==

==Career==

Humphrey was born in Wallace, South Dakota, the son of a small-town druggist. His father was a literary aficionado, classical music enthusiast, strong proponent of religion, egalitarian, and fervent local Democrat who inculcated the values of the [[New Deal Coalition]] into the son. The family shared in the hardships of the [[Dust Bowl|drought]] and [[Great Depression]] of the late 1920s and early 1930s, thus shaping Humphrey's liberal political philosophy. He entered the University of Minnesota in 1929, but withdrew in his sophomore year because of financial hardship and was not able to resume his studies for six years. In 1939 Humphrey graduated, magna cum laude, and in 1940 he received a master's degree in political philosophy at Louisiana State University, where he subsequently taught. He later taught at the University of Minnesota and at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota. While teaching, he became active in Minnesota politics and helped merge the Democratic party with the far-left "Farmer Labor" party in Minnesota; Humphrey served as state DFL campaign chairman for the Roosevelt-Truman ticket in 1944.  

Humphrey was born in Wallace, South Dakota, the son of a small-town druggist. His father was a literary aficionado, classical music enthusiast, strong proponent of religion, egalitarian, and fervent local Democrat who inculcated the values of the [[New Deal Coalition]] into the son. The family shared in the hardships of the [[Dust Bowl|drought]] and [[Great Depression]] of the late 1920s and early 1930s, thus shaping Humphrey's liberal political philosophy. He entered the University of Minnesota in 1929, but withdrew in his sophomore year because of financial hardship and was not able to resume his studies for six years. In 1939 Humphrey graduated, magna cum laude, and in 1940 he received a master's degree in political philosophy at Louisiana State University, where he subsequently taught. He later taught at the University of Minnesota and at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota. While teaching, he became active in Minnesota politics and helped merge the Democratic party with the far-left "Farmer Labor" party in Minnesota; Humphrey served as state DFL campaign chairman for the Roosevelt-Truman ticket in 1944.  

==Further reading==

==Further reading==

* Converse, Philip E.; Miller, Warren E.; Rusk, Jerrold G.; Wolfe, Arthur C. "Continuity and Change in American Politics: Parties and Issues in the 1968 Election." ''American Political Science Review'' 1969 63(4): 1083–1105, uses advanced statistics.

* Converse, Philip E.; Miller, Warren E.; Rusk, Jerrold G.; Wolfe, Arthur C. "Continuity and Change in American Politics: Parties and Issues in the 1968 Election." ''American Political Science Review'' 1969 63(4): 1083–1105, uses advanced statistics.

* Fleming, Dan B., Jr. ''Kennedy vs. Humphrey, West Virginia, 1960: The Pivotal Battle for the Democratic Presidential Nomination.'' (1992). 216 pp.

* Fleming, Dan B. Jr. ''Kennedy vs. Humphrey, West Virginia, 1960: The Pivotal Battle for the Democratic Presidential Nomination.'' (1992). 216 pp.

* Garrettson, Charles Lloyd, ''Hubert H. Humphrey: The Politics of Joy.'' (1993). 372 pp.; emphasizes Humphrey's religiosity

* Garrettson, Charles Lloyd, ''Hubert H. Humphrey: The Politics of Joy.'' (1993). 372 pp.; emphasizes Humphrey's religiosity

* Mann, Robert. ''The Walls of Jericho: Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Richard Russell and the Struggle for Civil Rights.'' (1996) 609 pp.

* Mann, Robert. ''The Walls of Jericho: Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Richard Russell and the Struggle for Civil Rights.'' (1996) 609 pp.

* Natoli, Marie D. "The Humphrey Vice Presidency in Retrospect." ''Presidential Studies Quarterly'' 1982 12(4): 603–609. 0360-4918

* Natoli, Marie D. "The Humphrey Vice Presidency in Retrospect." ''Presidential Studies Quarterly'' 1982 12(4): 603–609. 0360–4918

* Solberg, Carl. ''Hubert Humphrey'' (2003), scholarly biography [https://www.amazon.com/Hubert-Humphrey-Carl-Solberg/dp/0873514734/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1233479925&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]

* Solberg, Carl. ''Hubert Humphrey'' (2003), scholarly biography [https://www.amazon.com/Hubert-Humphrey-Carl-Solberg/dp/0873514734/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1233479925&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]

* Thurber, Timothy N. ''The Politics of Equality: Hubert H. Humphrey and the African American Freedom Struggle.'' (1999) 352 pp.

* Thurber, Timothy N. ''The Politics of Equality: Hubert H. Humphrey and the African American Freedom Struggle.'' (1999) 352 pp.