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'''Mao Zedong''' (December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976), also known as '''Mao Tse-tung''', was the leader of the Chinese Communists and a ruthless [[Atheism|atheist]] dictator after he came to power in 1949. While not the founder, he was an early member of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in 1921. In 1935, Mao was elected to the Executive Committee of the [[Comintern]] in Moscow and remained on this committee until it was publicly disbanded in 1943. Mao is regarded as perhaps the most prolific [[mass murder]]er in human history, not even counting the inummerable unborn female babies whom he [[abortion|callously slaughtered]].<ref>[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/20TH.HTM "20th Century Democide"]. ''hawaii.edu''. Retrieved on 20 October 2015.</ref>
'''Mao Zedong''' (December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976), also known as '''Mao Tse-tung''', was the leader of the Chinese Communists and a ruthless [[Atheism|atheist]] dictator after he came to power in 1949. While not the founder, he was an early member of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in 1921. In 1935, Mao was elected to the Executive Committee of the [[Comintern]] in Moscow and remained on this committee until it was publicly disbanded in 1943. Mao is regarded as perhaps the most prolific [[mass murder]]er in human history, not even counting the innumerable unborn female babies whom he [[abortion|callously slaughtered]].<ref>[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/20TH.HTM "20th Century Democide"]. ''hawaii.edu''. Retrieved on 20 October 2015.</ref>
Despite Communist propaganda presenting Mao as a leading liberator of China from Fascist Japan during the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], [[Mao Zedong war treason|he committed war treason]] in collaborating with the Japanese Army, expediently allowing the right-wing Nationalists to be militarily weakened fighting the Japanese whereby the CCP would drastically benefit in subsequent years.<ref>Keck, Zachary (March 27, 2014). [https://nationalinterest.org/feature/chinas-communist-party-japan-forgotten-history-10533 China's Communist Party and Japan: A Forgotten History]. ''The National Interest''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref> Mao's inaction facilitated the ruthless torture, rape, and murder of millions of Chinese civilians at the hand of Japanese invaders, whom he thanked in the postwar years.<ref>Dent, Christopher (2008). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/China_Japan_and_Regional_Leadership_in_E/0GHZBhi4zz0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PA89&printsec=frontcover China, Japan and Regional Leadership in East Asia], p. 89. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref><ref>Black, Jeremy (2017). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Second_World_War/FAokDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PT11&printsec=frontcover The Second World War, Vol. III: The Japanese War 1941–1945], p. 1. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.google.com/books/edition/Nine_Commentaries_on_the_Communist_Party/T5x7BgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PT172&printsec=frontcover Nine Commentaries on the Communist Party]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref><ref>Lü, Peng (August 14, 2013). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_History_of_China_in_the_20th_Century/gRLREAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PA563&printsec=frontcover A History of China in the 20th Century], p. 563. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref><ref>Lu, Xing (2017). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Rhetoric_of_Mao_Zedong/Qby8DgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PT92&printsec=frontcover The Rhetoric of Mao Zedong: Transforming China and Its People]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref>
Despite Communist propaganda presenting Mao as a leading liberator of China from Fascist Japan during the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], [[Mao Zedong war treason|he committed war treason]] in collaborating with the Japanese Army, expediently allowing the right-wing Nationalists to be militarily weakened fighting the Japanese whereby the CCP would drastically benefit in subsequent years.<ref>Keck, Zachary (March 27, 2014). [https://nationalinterest.org/feature/chinas-communist-party-japan-forgotten-history-10533 China's Communist Party and Japan: A Forgotten History]. ''The National Interest''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref> Mao's inaction facilitated the ruthless torture, rape, and murder of millions of Chinese civilians at the hand of Japanese invaders, whom he thanked in the postwar years.<ref>Dent, Christopher (2008). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/China_Japan_and_Regional_Leadership_in_E/0GHZBhi4zz0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PA89&printsec=frontcover China, Japan and Regional Leadership in East Asia], p. 89. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref><ref>Black, Jeremy (2017). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Second_World_War/FAokDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PT11&printsec=frontcover The Second World War, Vol. III: The Japanese War 1941–1945], p. 1. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.google.com/books/edition/Nine_Commentaries_on_the_Communist_Party/T5x7BgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PT172&printsec=frontcover Nine Commentaries on the Communist Party]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref><ref>Lü, Peng (August 14, 2013). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_History_of_China_in_the_20th_Century/gRLREAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PA563&printsec=frontcover A History of China in the 20th Century], p. 563. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref><ref>Lu, Xing (2017). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Rhetoric_of_Mao_Zedong/Qby8DgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mao+zedong+thanks+japan&pg=PT92&printsec=frontcover The Rhetoric of Mao Zedong: Transforming China and Its People]. ''Google Books''. Retrieved September 18, 2023.</ref>
==Soviet national liberation movement==
==Soviet national liberation movement==
[[Edgar Snow]], an admirer of the Chinese communists, introduced Mao and [[Zhou Enlai]] to American readers in 1937 in his book, ''Red Star Over China'', shortly after the [[Chinese Red Army]]'s rout by [[Chiang Kai-shek]] in 1934 and their year long retreat to [[Yenan]] known as the [[Long March]]. Snow wrote, "The political ideology, tactical line and theoretical leadership of the Chinese Communists have been under the close guidance, if not positive detailed direction, of the [[Communist International]], which during the last decade has become virtually a bureau of the Russian Communist Party." And he further declared that the CCP had to subordinate itself to the "strategic requirements of [[Soviet Russia]], under the leadership of [[Stalin]]."<ref>''Red Star Over China'' by Edgar Snow, New York, 1937.</ref> In 1957, in ominous foreshadowing of his true callous nature, Mao Zedong boasted in his "American Imperialism is a Paper Tiger" speech regarding the prospect of China entering [[nuclear war]] that:
[[Edgar Snow]], an admirer of the Chinese communists, introduced Mao and [[Zhou Enlai]] to American readers in 1937 in his book, ''Red Star Over China'', shortly after the [[Chinese Red Army]]'s rout by [[Chiang Kai-shek]] in 1934 and their year-long retreat to [[Yenan]] known as the [[Long March]]. Snow wrote, "The political ideology, tactical line and theoretical leadership of the Chinese Communists have been under the close guidance, if not positive detailed direction, of the [[Communist International]], which during the last decade has become virtually a bureau of the Russian Communist Party." And he further declared that the CCP had to subordinate itself to the "strategic requirements of [[Soviet Russia]], under the leadership of [[Stalin]]."<ref>''Red Star Over China'' by Edgar Snow, New York, 1937.</ref> In 1957, in ominous foreshadowing of his true callous nature, Mao Zedong boasted in his "American Imperialism is a Paper Tiger" speech regarding the prospect of China entering [[nuclear war]] that:
{{Quotebox-float|"I’m not afraid of nuclear war. There are 2.7 billion people in the world; it doesn’t matter if some are killed. China has a population of 600 million; even if half of them are killed, there are still 300 million people left. I’m not afraid of anyone."<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/maos-nuclear-mass-extinction-speech-aired-on-chinese-tv_4758.html</ref>}}
{{Quotebox-float|"I’m not afraid of nuclear war. There are 2.7 billion people in the world; it doesn’t matter if some are killed. China has a population of 600 million; even if half of them are killed, there are still 300 million people left. I’m not afraid of anyone."<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/maos-nuclear-mass-extinction-speech-aired-on-chinese-tv_4758.html</ref>}}
==Mass Murder==
==Mass Murder==
Estimates vary for the death toll of Mao's regime, as the low estimate for the Great Leap Forward is 8 million though Deng Xiaoping claimed 16 million, as the low estimate for the Cultural Revolution is 20 million.
Estimates vary for the death toll of Mao's regime, as the low estimate for the Great Leap Forward is 8 million though Deng Xiaoping claimed 16 million, and the low estimate for the Cultural Revolution is 20 million.
According to ''[[The Washington Post]]'' (7/14/94):
According to ''[[The Washington Post]]'' (7/14/94):
==Little Red Book==
==Little Red Book==
Mao is the author of ''[[Quotations from Chairman Mao]],'' published in 1966, informally known as "the little red book." During his lifetime, almost everyone in the [[People's Republic of China]] was expected to have a copy. One of his most well known statements was that "political power grows out of the barrel of a gun".
Mao is the author of ''[[Quotations from Chairman Mao]],'' published in 1966, informally known as "the little red book." During his lifetime, almost everyone in the [[People's Republic of China]] was expected to have a copy. One of his most well-known statements was that "political power grows out of the barrel of a gun".
==Legacy==
==Legacy==
In their book ''Mao: The Unknown Story'', authors Jung Chang and Jon Halliday state that in his first five years of power, 700,000 were claimed by Mao to be dead, but another 700,000 died in local excesses and 700,000 committed suicide out of fear of Mao. During the Great Leap Forward, Mao deliberately killed peasants by shipping food to the USSR and Eastern Europe in exchange for aid in building arms plants. As well, Mao's plans for peasants to make steel and build canals meant that in 1959-60 nobody grew any food. Thus, the worst famine in history occurred. Huge numbers were killed by puppets of Mao in the Cultural Revolution, which actually was launched to get rid of Mao's rivals in the Chinese Communist Party.
In their book ''Mao: The Unknown Story'', authors Jung Chang and Jon Halliday state that in his first five years of power, 700,000 were claimed by Mao to be dead, but another 700,000 died in local excesses and 700,000 committed suicide out of fear of Mao. During the Great Leap Forward, Mao deliberately killed peasants by shipping food to the USSR and Eastern Europe in exchange for aid in building arms plants. As well, Mao's plans for peasants to make steel and build canals meant that in 1959-60 nobody grew any food. Thus, the worst famine in history occurred. Huge numbers were killed by puppets of Mao in the Cultural Revolution, which actually was launched to get rid of Mao's rivals in the Chinese Communist Party.
Despite killing far more people than Stalin and Hitler combined, Mao Zedong has often been held in high-regard by various leftists, with French Existential philosopher [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] claiming his revolution was "profoundly moral", and French feminist [[Simone de Beauvoir]] claiming that his actions were little different from [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]'s policies in an approving tone.<ref>https://www.christianpost.com/news/chairman-mao-s-reign-of-terror-151-finally-the-truth-comes-out-6475/</ref> Infamously, his image has even been used, similar to another leftist icon [[Che Guevara]], in various merchandising, including a restaurant in Hollywood called "Mao's Kitchen." Kai Chen, a Chinese basketball player who fled China, has stated that the promotion of Mao was tasteless, stating it's like someone deciding to open a restaurant called [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler's Kitchen]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tPl9Go3hHDI</ref>
Despite killing far more people than Stalin and Hitler combined, Mao Zedong has often been held in high regard by various leftists, with French Existential philosopher [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] claiming his revolution was "profoundly moral", and French feminist [[Simone de Beauvoir]] claiming that his actions were little different from [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]'s policies in an approving tone.<ref>https://www.christianpost.com/news/chairman-mao-s-reign-of-terror-151-finally-the-truth-comes-out-6475/</ref> Infamously, his image has even been used, similar to another leftist icon [[Che Guevara]], in various merchandising, including a restaurant in Hollywood called "Mao's Kitchen." Kai Chen, a Chinese basketball player who fled China, has stated that the promotion of Mao was tasteless, stating it's like someone deciding to open a restaurant called [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler's Kitchen]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tPl9Go3hHDI</ref>
==Quotes==
==Quotes==
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* Chang, Jung and Jon Halliday. ''Mao: The Unknown Story,'' (2005), 814 pages, ISBN 0-679-42271-4
* Chang, Jung and Jon Halliday. ''Mao: The Unknown Story,'' (2005), 814 pages, ISBN 0-679-42271-4
* Clark, Paul. ''The Chinese Cultural Revolution: A History'' (2008), a favorable look at artistic production [https://www.amazon.com/Chinese-Cultural-Revolution-History/dp/0521875153/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1214281188&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Clark, Paul. ''The Chinese Cultural Revolution: A History'' (2008), a favorable look at artistic production [https://www.amazon.com/Chinese-Cultural-Revolution-History/dp/0521875153/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1214281188&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Dietrich, Craig. ''People's China: A Brief History,'' 3d ed. (1997), 398pp [https://www.amazon.com/Peoples-China-History-Craig-Dietrich/dp/0195106288/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197238522&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]
* Dietrich, Craig. ''People's China: A Brief History,'' 3d ed. (1997), 398 pp [https://www.amazon.com/Peoples-China-History-Craig-Dietrich/dp/0195106288/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197238522&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]
* Esherick, Joseph W.; Pickowicz, Paul G.; and Walder, Andrew G., eds. ''The Chinese Cultural Revolution as History.'' (2006). 382 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Cultural-Revolution-Shorenstein-Asia-Pacific-Research/dp/0804753504/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197221379&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Esherick, Joseph W.; Pickowicz, Paul G.; and Walder, Andrew G., eds. ''The Chinese Cultural Revolution as History.'' (2006). 382 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Cultural-Revolution-Shorenstein-Asia-Pacific-Research/dp/0804753504/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197221379&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Fairbank, John King and Goldman, Merle. ''China: A New History.'' (2nd ed. 2006). 640 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/China-New-History-Second-Enlarged/dp/0674018281/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197346975&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Fairbank, John King and Goldman, Merle. ''China: A New History.'' (2nd ed. 2006). 640 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/China-New-History-Second-Enlarged/dp/0674018281/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197346975&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Hsü, Immanuel Chung-yueh. ''The Rise of Modern China,'' 6th ed. (1999), highly detailed coverage of 1644–1999, in 1136pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Rise-Modern-China-Immanuel-Hsu/dp/0195125045/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197238178&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Hsü, Immanuel Chung-yueh. ''The Rise of Modern China,'' 6th ed. (1999), highly detailed coverage of 1644–1999, in 1136 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Rise-Modern-China-Immanuel-Hsu/dp/0195125045/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197238178&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Jian, Guo; Song, Yongyi; and Zhou, Yuan. ''Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Cultural Revolution.'' (2006). 433 pp.
* Jian, Guo; Song, Yongyi; and Zhou, Yuan. ''Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Cultural Revolution.'' (2006). 433 pp.
* MacFarquhar, Roderick and Fairbank, John K., eds. ''The Cambridge History of China. Vol. 15: The People's Republic, Part 2: Revolutions within the Chinese Revolution, 1966-1982.'' (1992). 1108 pp.
* MacFarquhar, Roderick and Fairbank, John K., eds. ''The Cambridge History of China. Vol. 15: The People's Republic, Part 2: Revolutions within the Chinese Revolution, 1966-1982.'' (1992). 1108 pp.
* MacFarquhar, Roderick and Michael Schoenhals. ''Mao's Last Revolution.'' (2006).
* MacFarquhar, Roderick and Michael Schoenhals. ''Mao's Last Revolution.'' (2006).
* MacFarquhar, Roderick. ''The Origins of the Cultural Revolution. Vol. 3: The Coming of the Cataclysm, 1961-1966.'' (1998). 733 pp.
* MacFarquhar, Roderick. ''The Origins of the Cultural Revolution. Vol. 3: The Coming of the Cataclysm, 1961-1966.'' (1998). 733 pp.
* Meisner, Maurice. ''Mao's China and After: A History of the People’s Republic,'' 3rd ed. (1999), dense book with theoretical and political science approach. [https://www.amazon.com/Maos-China-After-History-Republic/dp/0684856352/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197238473&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Meisner, Maurice. ''Mao's China and After: A History of the People’s Republic,'' 3rd ed. (1999), dense book with theoretical and political science approach. [https://www.amazon.com/Maos-China-After-History-Republic/dp/0684856352/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197238473&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Schoppa, R. Keith. ''The Columbia Guide to Modern Chinese History.'' Columbia U. Press, 2000. 356 pp. [http://www.questia.com/library/book/the-columbia-guide-to-modern-chinese-history-by-r-keith-schoppa.jsp online edition from [[Questia]]]
* Schoppa, R. Keith. ''The Columbia Guide to Modern Chinese History.'' Columbia U. Press, 2000. 356 pp. [http://www.questia.com/library/book/the-columbia-guide-to-modern-chinese-history-by-r-keith-schoppa.jsp online edition from [[Questia]]]
* Spence, Jonathan D. ''The Search for Modern China'' (1991), 876pp; well written survey from 1644 to 1980s [https://www.amazon.com/Search-Modern-China-Jonathan-Spence/dp/0393307808/ref=pd_sim_b_title_2 excerpt and text search]; [http://www.questia.com/read/98946348 complete edition online at [[Questia]]]
* Spence, Jonathan D. ''The Search for Modern China'' (1991), 876 pp; well written survey from 1644 to 1980s [https://www.amazon.com/Search-Modern-China-Jonathan-Spence/dp/0393307808/ref=pd_sim_b_title_2 excerpt and text search]; [http://www.questia.com/read/98946348 complete edition online at [[Questia]]]
* Spence, Jonatham. ''Mao Zedong'' (1999) [https://www.amazon.com/Mao-Zedong-Penguin-Life-Lives/dp/0670886696/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200477500&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Spence, Jonatham. ''Mao Zedong'' (1999) [https://www.amazon.com/Mao-Zedong-Penguin-Life-Lives/dp/0670886696/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200477500&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Shuyun, Sun. ''The Long March: The True History of Communist China's Founding Myth'' (2007)
* Shuyun, Sun. ''The Long March: The True History of Communist China's Founding Myth'' (2007)
* Taylor, Jay. ''The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai-Shek and the Struggle for Modern China'' (2009), 722 pp. highly favorable scholarly biography of Mao's great enemy
* Taylor, Jay. ''The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai-Shek and the Struggle for Modern China'' (2009), 722 pp. highly favorable scholarly biography of Mao's great enemy
* Wang, Ke-wen, ed. ''Modern China: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Nationalism.'' (1998). 442 pp.
* Wang, Ke-wen, ed. ''Modern China: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Nationalism.'' (1998). 442 pp.
* Xia, Yafeng. "The Study of Cold War International History in China: A Review of the Last Twenty Years," ''Journal of Cold War Studies''10#1 Winter 2008, pp. 81–115 in [[Project Muse]]
* Xia, Yafeng. "The Study of Cold War International History in China: A Review of the Last Twenty Years," ''Journal of Cold War Studies'' 10#1 Winter 2008, pp. 81–115 in [[Project Muse]]
* Yan, Jiaqi and Gao, Gao. ''Turbulent Decade: A History of the Cultural Revolution.'' (1996). 736 pp.
* Yan, Jiaqi and Gao, Gao. ''Turbulent Decade: A History of the Cultural Revolution.'' (1996). 736 pp.
* [http://orpheus.ucsd.edu/chinesehistory/pgp/index.html Studies of Modern Chinese History: Reviews and Historiographical Essays]
* [http://orpheus.ucsd.edu/chinesehistory/pgp/index.html Studies of Modern Chinese History: Reviews and Historiographical Essays]