*[http://www.wm.edu/so/monitor/fall2000/paper7.htm Jewish Life under Early Islam: Social, Legal, and Religious Life in the Muslim Empire during the Seventh through the Eleventh Centuries], Linda Broughton.
+
*[http://www.churchisraelforum.com/the_dhimmi_jews_and_christians_under_islam.htm The Dhimmi -Jews and Christians Under Islam]," by Bat Ye'or, Associated University Presses, Cranbury, N.J., English edition 1985.