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World Wrestling Entertainment (view source)
Revision as of 04:03, July 24, 2007
, 04:03, July 24, 2007Rewrote the article using both wwe.com and OVW.com
'''World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc.''' ('''WWE''') is a publicly traded, privately controlled integrated media (focusing in television, internet, and live events), sports, and entertainment company dealing primarily in the [[professional wrestling]] industry, with major revenue sources also coming from movies, music, product licensing, and direct product sales. [[Vince McMahon]] is the majority owner and Chairman of the company and his wife [[Linda McMahon]] holds the position of Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Together with their children, Executive Vice President of Global Media [[Shane McMahon]] and Senior Vice President of Creative Writing [[Stephanie McMahon]], the McMahons hold approximately 70% of WWE's economic interest and 96% of all voting power in the company.
The company's global headquarters are located at 1241 East Main Street in Stamford, Connecticut, with international offices in Los Angeles, New York City, London, and Toronto. The company was previously known as Titan Sports, Inc. before changing to World Wrestling Federation Entertainment, Inc., and most recently becoming World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc.
'''World Wrestling Entertainment''' (or '''WWE''') is a [[professional wrestling]] organization based primarily in the [[United States]], but will do shows elsewhere as well. Currently, top wrestlers compete in three "brands": [[WWE Monday Night RAW|Monday Night RAW]], [[WWE Friday Night SmackDown!|Friday Night SmackDown!]], and [[Extreme Championship Wrestling (WWE)|Extreme Championship Wrestling]]. The WWE is currently owned by [[Vince McMahon]].
WWE's business focus is on professional wrestling. It is currently the largest [[professional wrestling promotion]] in the world, and holds an [[WWE Video Library|extensive library of videos]] representing a significant portion of the visual history of professional wrestling. The promotion previously existed as the Capitol Wrestling Corporation, which promoted under the banner of the '''World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF)''', and later the '''World Wrestling Federation (WWF)'''. WWE promotes under three brands; [[WWE Raw|RAW]], [[WWE Friday Night SmackDown!|SmackDown!]] and [[Extreme Championship Wrestling (WWE)|ECW]]. WWE is also home to three of the eight [[World Heavyweight Championship|internationally recognized world heavyweight titles]].
WWE's revenue in fiscal 2006 (from May 2005 to April 2006) was approximately $400 million (US), with a net profit of approximately $47 million. As of August 2006, the company's market capitalization is over $1 billion (US). Its stock is traded on the NYSE as [http://www.nyse.com/about/listed/wwe.html WWE].
==History==
{{main|History of World Wrestling Entertainment}}
===The beginning/Capitol Wrestling===
[[Roderick McMahon|Roderick James "Jess" McMahon]] was a boxing promoter whose achievements included co-promoting a bout in 1915 between Jess Willard and Jack Johnson. In 1926, while working with Tex Rickard (who actually despised wrestling to such a degree he prevented wrestling events from being held at Madison Square Garden between 1939 and 1948), he started promoting boxing in [[Madison Square Garden]] in New York. The first match during their partnership was a light-heavyweight championship match between Jack Delaney and Paul Berlenbach.
Around the same time, professional wrestler [[Toots Mondt|Joseph Raymond "Toots" Mondt]] created a new style of professional wrestling that he called Slam Bang Western Style Wrestling to make the sport more appealing to spectators. He then formed a promotion with wrestling champion [[Ed Lewis (wrestler)|Ed Lewis]] and his manager [[Billy Sandow]]. They persuaded many wrestlers to sign contracts with their [[Gold Dust Trio]]. After much success, a disagreement over power caused the trio to dissolve and, with it, their promotion. Mondt formed partnerships with several other promoters, including [[Jack Curley]] in New York City. When Curley was dying, Mondt moved to take over New York wrestling with the aid of several bookers, one of whom was Jess McMahon.
Together, Roderick McMahon and Raymond Mondt created the '''Capitol Wrestling Corporation''' (CWC). The CWC joined the [[National Wrestling Alliance]] in 1953. Also in that year, Ray Fabiani, one of Mondt's associates, brought in [[Vincent J. McMahon]] to replace his father Jess in the promotion. McMahon and Mondt were a successful combination, and within a short time, they controlled approximately 70% of the NWA's booking, largely due to their dominance in the heavily populated Northeast region. Mondt taught McMahon about booking and how to work in the wrestling business.
===World Wide Wrestling Federation===
The NWA recognized an undisputed [[NWA World Heavyweight Championship|NWA World Heavyweight Champion]] that went from wrestling company to wrestling company in the alliance and defended the belt around the world. In 1963, the champion was [["Nature Boy" Buddy Rogers]].
The rest of the NWA was unhappy with Mondt because he rarely allowed Rogers to wrestle outside of the Northeast. Mondt and McMahon wanted Rogers to keep the NWA World Championship, but Rogers was unwilling to sacrifice his $25,000 deposit on the belt (title holders at the time had to pay a deposit to insure they would honor their commitments as champion). Rogers lost the NWA World Championship to [[Lou Thesz]] in a one-fall match in Toronto, Ontario on January 24, 1963, which led to Mondt, McMahon and the CWC leaving the NWA in protest, creating the '''World Wide Wrestling Federation''' (WWWF) in the process.
In April, Rogers was awarded the new WWWF World Championship following an apocryphal tournament in Rio de Janeiro. He lost the title to [[Bruno Sammartino]] a month later on May 17 1963, after suffering a heart attack shortly before the match. To accommodate Rogers' condition, the match was booked to last under a minute.
Mondt left the company in the late sixties for unclear reasons, probably due to old age.
Although the WWWF had withdrawn from the NWA, Vince McMahon Sr. still sat on the NWA Board of Directors, no other territory was recognized in the Northeast, and several "champion vs. champion" matches occurred (usually ending in a double disqualification or some other non-decisive ending).
In March 1979, the WWWF became the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). The change was purely cosmetic, and the ownership and front office personnel remained unchanged during this period.
===World Wrestling Federation===
In 1980, the son of Vincent J. McMahon, [[Vince McMahon|Vincent K. McMahon]], founded Titan Sports, Inc. and in 1982 purchased Capitol Wrestling Corporation from his father. The elder McMahon had long since established the northeastern territory as one of the most vibrant members of the NWA. He had long since recognized that professional wrestling was more about [[sports entertainment|entertainment]] than actual sport. Against his father's wishes, McMahon began an expansion process that would fundamentally change the sport, and place both the WWF - and his own life - in jeopardy.
The WWF was not the only promotion to have broken ranks with the NWA; the [[American Wrestling Association]] (AWA) had long ago ceased being an official NWA member (although like the WWF, they seldom left their own territory). But in neither instance did the defecting member attempt to undermine, and destroy, the [[National Wrestling Alliance#Territories|territory system]] that had been the foundation of the industry for more than half a century.
Other promoters were furious when McMahon began syndicating WWF television shows to television stations across the United States, in areas outside of the WWF's traditional northeastern stronghold. McMahon also began selling videotapes of WWF events outside the Northeast through his [[Coliseum Video]] distribution company. He effectively broke the unwritten law of regionalism around which the entire industry had been based. To make matters worse, McMahon would use the income generated by advertising, television deals, and tape sales to poach talent from rival promoters. Wrestling promoters nationwide were now in direct competition with the WWF.
The first step in McMahon's attempt to go national was to sign AWA superstar [[Hulk Hogan]], who, due to his appearance in Rocky III had a national recognition that few other wrestlers could manage. To play Hogan's nemesis, he signed North Carolina badboy [[Roddy Piper]], and also another bodybuilder in the [["Superstar" Billy Graham]] mold, [[Jesse Ventura]] (although Ventura rarely wrestled in the WWF at that point due to the lung disorder that caused his retirement, moving to the commentator booth alongside [[Gorilla Monsoon]]). McMahon built a superstar roster consisting of these men on top, in addition to New York mainstays like [[André the Giant]], [[Jimmy Snuka]] and [[Don Muraco]], and wandering journeymen like [[Paul Orndorff]], [[Greg Valentine]], [[Ricky Steamboat]] and [[Khosrow Vaziri|The Iron Sheik]]. It has long been a point of contention whether McMahon could have gone national without Hogan's presence, or vice versa.
According to several reports, the elder McMahon warned his son: "Vinny, what are you doing? You'll wind up at the bottom of a river." In spite of such warnings, the younger McMahon had an even bolder ambition: the WWF would tour nationally. However, such a venture required huge capital investment; one that placed the WWF on the verge of financial collapse.
The future of not just McMahon's experiment, but also the WWF, the NWA, and the whole industry came down to the success or failure of McMahon's groundbreaking concept, [[WrestleMania]]. WrestleMania was a [[pay-per-view]] extravaganza (in some areas; most areas of the country saw WrestleMania available on [[closed-circuit television]]) that McMahon marketed as being the Super Bowl of professional wrestling.
The concept of a wrestling super card was nothing new in North America; the NWA had been running [[StarrCade]] a few years prior to WrestleMania, and even the elder McMahon had marketed large Shea Stadium cards viewable in closed-circuit locations. However, McMahon wanted to take the WWF to the mainstream, targeting the public who were not regular wrestling fans. He drew the interest of the mainstream media by inviting celebrities such as [[Mr. T]] and [[Cyndi Lauper]] to participate in the event. MTV, in particular, featured a great deal of WWF coverage and programming at this time, in what was termed the ''Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection''.
====The Golden Age====
The original [[WrestleMania (1985)|WrestleMania]], held in 1985, was a resounding success. This event is sometimes credited as the debut of what McMahon called "sports entertainment." However, as mentioned above, his father had emphasized pro wrestling's entertainment value some years before. The WWF did incredible business on the shoulders of McMahon and his all-American [[face (professional wrestling)|babyface]] hero, [[Hulk Hogan]], for the next several years, creating what some observers dubbed a second golden age for professional wrestling. However, by the 1990s the WWF's fortunes steadily declined as fans were tired of Hulk Hogan's ability to beat anyone and everyone whenever he wanted.
====The New Generation====
The WWF hit a low point in the wake of allegations of steroid abuse and distribution made against McMahon and the WWF in 1994; there were also allegations of sexual harassment made by WWF employees. McMahon was eventually exonerated, but it was a public relations nightmare for the WWF. The steroid trial cost the WWF an estimated $5 million at a time when revenues were at an all-time low. To compensate, McMahon cut the pay of both wrestlers and front office personnel - close to 40% in the latter case (and about 50% for top level managers such as [[Bobby Heenan]] and [[Jimmy Hart]], who both left). This helped drive many WWF wrestlers to its only major competition, [[World Championship Wrestling]] (WCW), between 1993 and 1996. During this time period, WWF promoted itself as "The New WWF Generation" which was led by [[Shawn Michaels]], [[Kevin Nash|Diesel]], [[Scott Hall|Razor Ramon]], [[Bret Hart]], and [[The Undertaker]]. In an effort to promote them and other young talent as the new superstars of the ring WWF began to play on the age restrictions which former WWF wrestlers such as Hulk Hogan and Randy Savage (who by now were working for WCW) now faced. This is best seen in the [[Billionaire Ted]] parodies of 1996 (a reference to WCW's owner and patron, media mogul [[Ted Turner]]) which culminated in a "rasslin" match during the warm-up to [[WrestleMania XII]].
====The Attitude Era====
During the [[1990s wrestling boom]], starting with [[Stone Cold Steve Austin|Steve Austin]]'s now infamous [[Stone Cold Steve Austin#1996|Austin 3:16]] speech, shortly after defeating [[Jake Roberts]] in the tournament finals at the [[King of the Ring#1996|1996 King of the Ring]] pay-per-view, the WWF moved away from its "family era" and began broadcasting more violence, swearing, and more edgy angles in its attempt to compete with [[World Championship Wrestling|WCW]]. After [[Bret Hart]] left for WCW following the infamous [[Montreal Screwjob]] incident, Vince McMahon used the resulting backlash in the creation of his "Mr. McMahon" character, a dictatorial and fierce ruler who favored [[heel (professional wrestling)|heels]] who were "good for business" over "misfit" faces like Austin. This, in turn, led to the Austin vs. McMahon feud, which, along with the formation of [[D-Generation X]], laid the foundation for the Attitude Era. The Attitude Era also featured the established [[Monday Night Wars]], where both WCW and the WWF had Monday night shows that competed against each other in the ratings.
====Business advances====
On April 29 1999, the WWF made its return to terrestrial television by launching a special program known as ''[[WWE Friday Night SmackDown!|SmackDown!]]'' on the fledgling UPN network. The Thursday-night show became a weekly series on August 26 1999.
On the back of the success of the Attitude Era, on October 19, 1999 the WWF's parent company, Titan Sports (by this time renamed World Wrestling Federation Entertainment, Inc.) became a publicly traded company, offering 10 million shares priced at $17 each. WWF announced its desire to diversify, including creating [[The World (WWE)|a nightclub in Times Square]], [[WWE Films|producing feature films]], and book publishing.
In 2000 the WWF, in collaboration with television network NBC, announced the creation of the [[XFL]], a new professional American football league that debuted in 2001. The league had surprisingly high ratings for the first few weeks, but initial interest waned and its ratings plunged to dismally low levels (one of its games was the lowest-rated primetime show in the history of American television). NBC walked out on the venture after only one season, but McMahon intended to continue alone. However, after UPN demanded that SmackDown! be cut by half an hour, McMahon shut down the XFL.<ref>[http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/football/news/2001/05/10/xfl_folds_ap/ sportsillustrated.cnn.com]</ref>
====Acquisition of WCW and ECW====
With the success of the ''Attitude Era'', WCW's already shaky financial situation deteriorated even further. It only survived because [[Ted Turner]] retained control over it as a result of Turner Broadcasting System's merger with Time Warner. However, after Time Warner merged with AOL, Turner's power was considerably reduced, and the newly merged company decided to shed its dead weight, namely WCW which was now losing scores of millions of dollars each year. In March 2001, WWF Entertainment, Inc. acquired World Championship Wrestling, Inc. from AOL Time Warner for a number reported to be around $7 million. The assets of [[Extreme Championship Wrestling]] (ECW), which had folded after filing for bankruptcy protection in April 2001, were purchased by WWE in mid-2003.
===World Wrestling Entertainment===
In 2000, the [[World Wide Fund for Nature|World Wildlife Fund]] (also WWF), an environmental organization now called the World Wide Fund for Nature, sued the World Wrestling Federation. A British court agreed that Titan Sports had violated a 1994 agreement which had limited the permissible use of the WWF initials overseas, particularly in merchandising.<ref name=Agreement>{{cite web|title=World Wrestling Federation Entertainment violated a 1994 agreement regarding use of the WWF initials.|url=http://contracts.corporate.findlaw.com/agreements/wwf/worldwildlife.1997.01.20.html|accessdate=November 23|accessyear=2006}}</ref>
On Sunday May 5 2002, the company quietly changed all references on its website from "WWF" to "WWE", while switching the [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] from ''WWF.com'' to ''[http://www.wwe.com WWE.com]''. The next day, a press release announced the official name change from ''World Wrestling Federation Entertainment, Inc.'' to ''World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc.'', or WWE, and the change was publicized later that day during a telecast of ''Monday Night RAW'', which emanated from the Hartford Civic Center in Hartford, Connecticut. For a short time, WWE used the slogan "Get The 'F' Out".<ref name=GetFOut>{{cite web|title=World Wrestling Federation Entertainment Drops The "F" To Emphasize the "E" for Entertainment.|publisher=WWE.com|url=http://corporate.wwe.com/news/2002/2002_05_06.jsp|accessdate=August 28|accessyear=2006}}</ref> The company had also been ordered by court to stop using the old WWF Attitude logo on any of its properties and to censor all past references to ''WWF'', as they no longer owned the copyrights to the initials ''WWF'' in 'specified circumstances'.<ref>[http://corporate.wwe.com/news/2002/2002_05_06.jsp corporate.wwe.com]</ref>
In April 2002, about a month before the name change, WWE decided to create two separate rosters, one on ''[[WWE Raw|RAW]]'', the other on ''[[WWE Friday Night SmackDown!|SmackDown!]]'' due to the overabundance of talent left over from the ''Invasion'' storyline (which involved talent from the absorbed ECW and WCW rosters interacting in WWF storylines). This is known as the [[WWE Brand Extension]]. Following the Brand Extension, a yearly ''[[WWE Draft|Draft Lottery]]'' was instituted to exchange members of each roster and generally refresh the lineups.
In August 2002, the company launched [[WWE Niagara Falls]], a retail establishment in Niagara Falls, Ontario.
On May 26 2006, WWE revived Extreme Championship Wrestling as its third brand. The [[Extreme Championship Wrestling (WWE)|new ECW]] program airs Tuesday nights, on the Sci Fi Channel.<ref name=SciFi>{{cite web|title=WWE brings ECW to Sci Fi Channel|publisher=WWE.com|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/ecw/scifi|accessdate=August 28|accessyear=2006}}</ref>
== Championships and accomplishments ==
==== Current champions ====
==== Current champions ====
<!---Please do not post title changes if the match has not yet aired on USA TV.--->
<!---Please do not post title changes if the match has not yet aired on USA TV.--->
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Date aired
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Date aired
|-style="background: #FFEEEE;"
|-style="background: #FFEEEE;"
|rowspan=4 align=center|''[[WWE Monday Night RAW]]
|rowspan=4 align=center|''[[WWE Raw|RAW]]
|[[WWE Championship|WWE Champion]]
|[[WWE Championship|WWE Champion]]
|[[John Cena]]
|[[John Cena]]
|-style="background: #FFEEEE;"
|-style="background: #FFEEEE;"
|[[WWE Intercontinental Championship|WWE Intercontinental Champion]]
|[[WWE Intercontinental Championship|WWE Intercontinental Champion]]
|[[Eddie Fatu|Umaga]]
|[[Umaga]]
|July 2, 2007
|July 2, 2007
|July 2, 2007
|July 2, 2007
|June 4, 2007
|June 4, 2007
|-style="background: #EEEEFF;"
|-style="background: #EEEEFF;"
|rowspan=4 align=center|''[[WWE Friday Night SmackDown!]]''
|rowspan=4 align=center|''[[WWE Friday Night SmackDown!|SmackDown!]]''
|[[World Heavyweight Championship (WWE)|World Heavyweight Champion]]
|[[World Heavyweight Championship (WWE)|World Heavyweight Champion]]
|[[The Great Khali]]
|[[The Great Khali]]
|April 20, 2007
|April 20, 2007
|-style="background: #F7EEFF;"
|-style="background: #F7EEFF;"
|rowspan=1 align=center|''[[Extreme Championship Wrestling (WWE)|Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW)]]''
|rowspan=1 align=center|''[[Extreme Championship Wrestling (WWE)|ECW]]''
|[[ECW World Championship|ECW World Champion]]
|[[ECW World Championship|ECW World Champion]]
|[[Johnny Nitro|John Morrison]]
|[[Johnny Nitro|John Morrison]]
|}
|}
{{Expand}}
==== Accomplishments ====
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Brand
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Accomplishment
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Latest winner
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Date won
|-
|-style="background: #EEEEFF;"
|align=center|''[[WWE Friday Night SmackDown!|SmackDown!]]''
|[[King of the Ring]]
|[[Booker Huffman|King Booker]]
|May 21, 2006
|-
|rowspan=2 align=center|''[[WWE Raw|RAW]]'', ''[[WWE Friday Night SmackDown!|SmackDown!]]'', ''[[Extreme Championship Wrestling (WWE)|ECW]]''
|[[Royal Rumble|Royal Rumble]]
|[[The Undertaker]]
|January 28, 2007
|-
|[[Money in the Bank ladder match|Money in the Bank]]
|[[Mr. Kennedy]]
|April 1, 2007
|-
|align=center|''[[WWE RAW|RAW]]'', ''[[WWE Smackdown|Smackdown!]]''
|Diva Search
|Layla El
|August 16, 2006
|}
==== Current developmental territory champions ====
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Promotion
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Championship<br />or accomplishment
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Current champion(s)
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Date won
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Date aired
|-style="background: #FFFFEE;"
|rowspan=4 align=center|[[Ohio Valley Wrestling|''OVW'']]
|[[OVW Heavyweight Championship|OVW Heavyweight Champion]]
|[[Paul Burchill|Paul Burchall]]
|February 18, 2007
|{{small|Took place at a [[house show]].}}
|-style="background: #FFFFEE;"
|[[OVW Television Championship|OVW Television Champion]]
|[[Mike Kruel]]
|February 4, 2007
|February 7, 2007
|-style="background: #FFFFEE;"
|[[OVW Southern Tag Team Championship|OVW Southern Tag Team Champions]]
|[[Cody Runnels]] and [[Ronnie Arniell|Shawn Spears]]
|December 13, 2006
|December 16, 2006
|-style="background: #FFFFEE;"
|[[OVW Women's Championship|OVW Women's Champion]]
|[[Katarina Waters|Katie Lea]]
|November 1, 2006
|November 4, 2006
|-style="background: #EEFFEE;"
|}
====Defunct promotion championships and accomplishments====
* [[WWE Undisputed Championship]] (2001-2002)<sup>1</sup>
* [[WWE Hardcore Championship]] (1998-2002)
* [[WWE European Championship]] (1997-2002)
* [[WWF Light Heavyweight Championship]] (1981-2001) (recognized officially 1997-2001)
* [[WWF Million Dollar Championship]] (1989-1992, 1995-1996)
* [[WWF Intercontinental Tag Team Championship]] (1991)
* [[WWF Women's Tag Team Championship]] (1983-1989)
* [[WWF International Heavyweight Championship]] (1959-1963, 1982-1985)
* [[WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship]] (1967-1985)
* [[WWF International Tag Team Championship]] (1969-1985)
* [[WWF New Japan Martial Arts Championship]] (1978-1985)
* [[WWF North American Championship]] (1979-1981)
* [[WWWF United States Championship]] (1970-1975)
* [[WWWF United States Tag Team Championship]] (1963-1967)
<sup>1</sup>Has the same lineage as the [[WWE Championship]].
====Defunct developmental territories championships====
*[[OVW Hardcore Championship]] (2000 - 2001)
*[[OVW Light Heavyweight Championship]] (1999-2001)
==References==
<div class="references-small">
<references/>
</div>
==External links==
*[http://www.wwe.com WWE.com]
*[http://corporate.wwe.com/ Official WWE Corporate Website]
*[http://finance.yahoo.com/q?d=t&s=WWE WWE Stock]
*[http://www.wwe.co.jp Official WWE Japanese Website]
[[Category:Companies established in 1952]]
[[Category:American professional wrestling promotions]]
[[Category:Companies based in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Sports entertainment]]
[[Category:World Wrestling Entertainment|*]]