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| | + | [[Image:Tower bridge London.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Tower Bridge in London.]] |
| | + | '''London''' is the capital of [[England]] and the [[United Kingdom]]. It is the largest city in [[Europe]]. |
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| | + | ==History== |
| | + | London was founded by the [[Romans]] as Londinium, and became the capital of [[England]] (taking over from [[Winchester]]) during the reign of [[William II]]. It grew steadily during the [[middle ages]], during which period it became a major port, specializing in the export of English wool. |
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| | + | In the [[Renaissance]], London became a centre of learning and culture, though the rise of [[Puritanism]] soon put a stop to this. |
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| | + | During the period of the [[British Empire]], London was a key transhipment point for various cargoes, including [[tea]], [[slaves]], [[molasses]], [[jute]], and [[silver]], indeed, anything traded in by the [[East India Company]]. |
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| | + | During [[World War II]], London was heavily bombed by Germany's air force. |
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| | + | ==Government of London== |
| | + | London is governed by the Mayor of London (currently [[Ken Livingstone]]), a post not to be confused with that of Lord Mayor of London, which relates solely to the small [[City of London]] district. The mayor's executive is subject to scrutiny by the [[Greater London Assembly]]<ref>http://www.london.gov.uk/</ref>. Most matters relating to local government - local planning control, housing, education, libraries and arts, refuse collection,. etc - are controlled by London's 33 local authorities: 32 London Boroughs, and the [[City of London]] Corporation<ref>http://www.londoncouncils.gov.uk/doc.asp?doc=8788&cat=989</ref>. |
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| | + | ==Popular Perception== |
| | + | Although London is frequently depicted in the American media as a quaint and historic city perpetually shrouded in fog, the reality is that London is a modern city at the cutting edge of developments in architecture, transport, commerce, industry and entertainment, and fog is a rare occurrence. In fact London is considered by many to be the financial capital of the world, and one of the world's premier cities<ref>{{cite web | last = Z/Yen Limited | title = The Competitive Position of London as a Global Financial Centre | publisher = CityOfLondon.gov.uk | date = November 2005 | url = http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/131B4294-698B-4FAF-9758-080CCE86A36C/0/BC_RS_compposition_FR.pdf | format = PDF | accessdate = 2006-09-17}}</ref><ref>[http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citymap.html The World According to GaWC], GaWC, [[Loughborough University]]</ref>. |
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| | + | Notable landmarks include the [[Houses of Parliament]], The [[London Eye]], [[Buckingham Palace]] and [[Westminster Abbey]]. The [[London Underground]] (London's subway system, also known as the Tube) is the oldest in the world. |
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| | + | ==References== |
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| | + | [[Category:United Kingdom Towns and Cities]] |
| | + | [[Category:Capital Cities]] |