Changes

==Public Service==

==Public Service==

He eventually arrived in Holland as ambassador during a time of war.  The French had invaded Holland and for a time was in great danger of being exterminated.  Fortunately, the French were defeated by the Dutch armies, after which he returned to America to wait for a new government to be established.  While at home he was engaged to a Miss Louisa Catherine Johnson.  They were eventually married on July 26, 1797.  He continued his work as diplomat to Holland, until he was chosen as the minister to Portugal.  But before he could leave, his father, John Adams, became President of the United States.  John Adams chose his son to go as ambassador to Prussia, instead of Portugal.  He kept the post successfully for the next four years.  His father though was a very unpopular President and lost the [[United States presidential election of 1800]] to [[Thomas Jefferson]].  Because of this John Quincy returned home to his family with his wife and son, George.  He was later elected in 1803 to the U.S. Senate representing Massachusetts.  Although supported by Federalists, he often differed from their policies.  One way in which he angered the Federalists was by supporting Thomas Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana territory.  He also supported Jefferson's demand for a British Trade Embargo for firing on the American Frigate, the Chesapeake.  Because he angered his former allies in the Massachusetts Legislature, he was removed from office in 1808.  In 1809 the new President, [[James Madison]] appointed Adams to be the diplomat to Russia.  He remained there, even when [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] invaded Russia unsuccessfully.  His career as a diplomat was immensely successful.  Adams also helped the U.S. and Great Britain to reach and sign the Treaty of Ghent.  He also served as the Ambassador to Great Britain.  Then from 1817 to 1825 Adams served as the Secretary of State under [[James Monroe]].  During his time in Monroe's cabinet, Adams helped Monroe to formulate the famous Monroe Doctrine.  <ref> [[Encyclopedia of Presidents John Quincy Adams]] by Zachary Kent, Children's Press</ref>

He eventually arrived in Holland as ambassador during a time of war.  The French had invaded Holland and for a time was in great danger of being exterminated.  Fortunately, the French were defeated by the Dutch armies, after which he returned to America to wait for a new government to be established.  While at home he was engaged to a Miss Louisa Catherine Johnson.  They were eventually married on July 26, 1797.  He continued his work as diplomat to Holland, until he was chosen as the minister to Portugal.  But before he could leave, his father, John Adams, became President of the United States.  John Adams chose his son to go as ambassador to Prussia, instead of Portugal.  He kept the post successfully for the next four years.  His father though was a very unpopular President and lost the [[United States presidential election of 1800|1800 presidential election]] to [[Thomas Jefferson]].  Because of this John Quincy returned home to his family with his wife and son, George.  He was later elected in 1803 to the U.S. Senate representing Massachusetts.  Although supported by Federalists, he often differed from their policies.  One way in which he angered the Federalists was by supporting Thomas Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana territory.  He also supported Jefferson's demand for a British Trade Embargo for firing on the American Frigate, the Chesapeake.  Because he angered his former allies in the Massachusetts Legislature, he was removed from office in 1808.  In 1809 the new President, [[James Madison]] appointed Adams to be the diplomat to Russia.  He remained there, even when [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] invaded Russia unsuccessfully.  His career as a diplomat was immensely successful.  Adams also helped the U.S. and Great Britain to reach and sign the Treaty of Ghent.  He also served as the Ambassador to Great Britain.  Then from 1817 to 1825 Adams served as the Secretary of State under [[James Monroe]].  During his time in Monroe's cabinet, Adams helped Monroe to formulate the famous Monroe Doctrine.  <ref> [[Encyclopedia of Presidents John Quincy Adams]] by Zachary Kent, Children's Press</ref>

==Election to the Presidency==

==Election to the Presidency==

As the [[United States presidential election of 1824]] drew near people began looking for candidates.  New England voters admired Adams' patriotism and political skills and it was mainly due to their support that he entered the race.  Several candidates opposed him such as [[John C. Calhoun]], [[William Crawford]], [[Henry Clay]] and the hero of New Orleans, [[Andrew Jackson]].  During the campaign Calhoun dropped out, and Crawford fell ill giving further support to the other candidates.  When the election day came, Andrew Jackson won, although narrowly, the Popular and Electoral vote.  However, because no candidate received a clear majority, a vote in the U.S. House of Representatives was necessary.  Thanks to the support of Henry Clay, who realized he couldn't win the election, Adams held the majority of 13 states.  <ref> [[Encyclopedia of Presidents John Quincy Adams]] by Zachary Kent, Children's Press</ref>

As the [[United States presidential election of 1824|election of 1824]] drew near people began looking for candidates.  New England voters admired Adams' patriotism and political skills and it was mainly due to their support that he entered the race.  Several candidates opposed him such as [[John C. Calhoun]], [[William Crawford]], [[Henry Clay]] and the hero of New Orleans, [[Andrew Jackson]].  During the campaign Calhoun dropped out, and Crawford fell ill giving further support to the other candidates.  When the election day came, Andrew Jackson won, although narrowly, the Popular and Electoral vote.  However, because no candidate received a clear majority, a vote in the U.S. House of Representatives was necessary.  Thanks to the support of Henry Clay, who realized he couldn't win the election, Adams held the majority of 13 states.  <ref> [[Encyclopedia of Presidents John Quincy Adams]] by Zachary Kent, Children's Press</ref>

    

    

==Presidency==

==Presidency==

      

      

==Public Office after Presidency==

==Public Office after Presidency==

After being defeated by Andrew Jackson, Adams retired in Quincy, Massachusetts.  However, in 1830 he ran and won a seat in the House of Representatives.  While many speculated that Adams ran solely to earn money, this was not the case, as he had sufficient funds to last him the rest of his life.  Adams probably ran for his Congressional seat for a combination of several reasons, chief among them the fact that he tried to raise his children in the same way he was raised, which is to say they spent lots of time away from home, which had a very negative impact on one of his sons, who died untimely.  Adams, a former president, may have subjected himself to the humiliation of serving as a freshman Congressman as a sort of penance.     

After being defeated by Andrew Jackson in [[United States presidential election, 1828|1828]], Adams retired in Quincy, Massachusetts.  However, in 1830 he ran and won a seat in the House of Representatives.  While many speculated that Adams ran solely to earn money, this was not the case, as he had sufficient funds to last him the rest of his life.  Adams probably ran for his Congressional seat for a combination of several reasons, chief among them the fact that he tried to raise his children in the same way he was raised, which is to say they spent lots of time away from home, which had a very negative impact on one of his sons, who died untimely.  Adams, a former president, may have subjected himself to the humiliation of serving as a freshman Congressman as a sort of penance.     

Adams most dedicated work in Congress was against slavery.  He protested the gag rule, as well as the [[Mexican-American War]].  In a dramatic statement on the floor of the House, he protested, during a vote on the gag rule, "I hold the resolution to be a direct violation of the Constitution of the United States, the rules of this House, and the rights of my constituents." Adams was known for his sharp, insightful speeches, as well as his savage attacks of his opponents.  He was referred to as "the old man" just as often as "old man eloquent."  His battle against the gag rule finally bore fruit as it was eventually repealed.

Adams most dedicated work in Congress was against slavery.  He protested the gag rule, as well as the [[Mexican-American War]].  In a dramatic statement on the floor of the House, he protested, during a vote on the gag rule, "I hold the resolution to be a direct violation of the Constitution of the United States, the rules of this House, and the rights of my constituents." Adams was known for his sharp, insightful speeches, as well as his savage attacks of his opponents.  He was referred to as "the old man" just as often as "old man eloquent."  His battle against the gag rule finally bore fruit as it was eventually repealed.