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| | '''Atheism''', as defined by the ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' and the ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', is the denial of the existence of any [[God]].<ref>http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/atheism-agnosticism/</ref><ref>http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/1998</ref> | | '''Atheism''', as defined by the ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' and the ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', is the denial of the existence of any [[God]].<ref>http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/atheism-agnosticism/</ref><ref>http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/1998</ref> |
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| − | == Types of atheism ==
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| − | There are different types of atheism, based on different answers to the following questions:
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| − | * In what God does the atheist disbelieve?
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| − | * Why does the atheist disbelieve?
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| − | * How does disbelief manifest itself?
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| − | === Which god? ===
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| − | Since atheism is ''dis''belief in God, it is important first to identify ''which god'' the atheist does not believe exist. In ancient times, for example, Christians were accused of being atheists because of their disbelief in the pagan gods, even though they believed in the ''Christian'' God.<ref>Athenagoras, ''A Plea for the Christians, 2d century a.d.[http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/text/athenagoras-plea.html]</ref> Socrates was also accused of Atheism, although references to God run throughout his recorded statements.<ref>Plato, Apol., 26,c.</ref> Also, [[Albert Einstein]] and [[Baruch Spinoza]] professed belief in "god," but their god was nature, and had no personality. Therefore, one can be considered an atheist with respect to one god, but a theist with respect to another. Therefore, in seeking to understand an atheist, it is important to understand first in ''what God'' the atheist disbelieves.
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| − | === Reasons for disbelief ===
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| − | There are two main reasons for disbelief: the conviction that there is positive evidence or argument that God does not exist ([[Strong atheism]]), and the conviction that theists bear the burden of proof to show that God exists, that they have failed to do so, and that belief is therefore unwarranted ([[Weak atheism]]).
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| − | === Manifestations ===
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| − | There are two ways that atheism manifests itself:
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| − | * Theoretical atheism: atheism of the mind -- that is, the ''belief'' that God does not exist.
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| − | * Practical atheism: atheism of the life -- that is, ''living'' as though God does not exist.
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| | == Biblical Statements Regarding Atheism == | | == Biblical Statements Regarding Atheism == |
| | [[Image:134t.gif|thumb|150px|left|The psalmist [[David]] wrote: "The fool has said in his heart, "There is no God."]] | | [[Image:134t.gif|thumb|150px|left|The psalmist [[David]] wrote: "The fool has said in his heart, "There is no God."]] |