The '''Babylonian Exile''' was the exile of the [[Jewish]] people to [[Babylon]] by [[Nebuchadnezzar II]]. By this time the Kingdom of Israel had already fallen over 100 years earlier to the [[Assyrians]], leaving only the [[Kingdom of Judah]] as an independent Jewish entity. Under Nebuchadnezzar, the first deportation took place in 597 B.C. followed by another when Judah was overrun by the Babylonians and ceased being a nation in 586 B.C. The [[Book of Jeremiah]] in the [[Bible]] records a third exile 5 years later as well.
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The Exile of the Jewish people to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar II.
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When Babylon was conquered by the [[Persians]], the Jews were later allowed to return to the land of Israel starting in 536 B.C., but were still under foreign occupation.