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[[Image:columbus.jpg|thumb]] '''Christopher Columbus''' (1451-1506) was a [[Genoa|Genoese]] explorer who explored the [[West Indies]] for [[Spain]] from 1492 to 1502.  Christopher Columbus was the second documented European sailor to arrive at the Americas, the first one being the [[Norse]] explorer [[Leif Erikson]], whose discovery produced no enduring settlements. There is archaeological evidence that Viking settlements in Newfoundland lasted until the early 12th century, and [[Basques|Basque]] fishermen had been visiting the [[Grand Banks]] off [[Newfoundland]] for hundreds of years.

[[Image:columbus.jpg|thumb]] '''Christopher Columbus''' (1451-1506) was a [[Genoa|Genoese]] explorer who explored the [[West Indies]] for [[Spain]] from 1492 to 1502.  Christopher Columbus was the second documented European sailor to arrive at the Americas, the first one being the [[Norse]] explorer [[Leif Erikson]], whose discovery produced no enduring settlements. There is archaeological evidence that Viking settlements in Newfoundland lasted until the early 12th century, and [[Basques|Basque]] fishermen had been visiting the [[Grand Banks]] off [[Newfoundland]] for hundreds of years.

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==First Voyage==

==First Voyage==

However he still had the Nina and Pinta, and so he took most of his crew up the Windward Passage and onwards to Spain. The king and queen were amazed by the colorful birds and strange foods that Columbus brought with him. Columbus was then called Admiral.

However he still had the Nina and Pinta, and so he took most of his crew up the Windward Passage and onwards to Spain. The king and queen were amazed by the colorful birds and strange foods that Columbus brought with him. Columbus was then called Admiral.

==Second Voyage==

==Second Voyage==

When Columbus sailed back to the new world in 1493, he found no sign of Navidad or of his crew. This is what had happened: Columbus’ crew got bored because they found no gold, so they attacked the Indians. The Indians decided to rid themselves of the white men, leaving no trace. Columbus then built a new settlement called Isabella (after the queen), then left it in the charge of his brother Diego and went exploring. He was puzzled that his maps of the east did not match with what he had seen. When he reached modern day [[Cuba]] he believed that this was the mainland and forced his crew to swear that it was.  He also discovered [[Jamaica]] shortly afterwards.

When Columbus sailed back to the new world in 1493, he found no sign of Navidad or of his crew. This is what had happened: Columbus’ crew got bored because they found no gold, so they attacked the Indians. The Indians decided to rid themselves of the white men, leaving no trace. Columbus then built a new settlement called Isabella (after the queen), then left it in the charge of his brother Diego and went exploring. He was puzzled that his maps of the east did not match with what he had seen. When he reached modern day [[Cuba]] he believed that this was the mainland and forced his crew to swear that it was.  He also discovered [[Jamaica]]{{user:KJVonly shortly afterwards.

 

==Third Voyage==

==Third Voyage==

[[Image:Sm skyline.gif|thumb|left|The Issabel]]

[[Image:Sm skyline.gif|thumb|left|The Issabel]]

When he returned to Isabella he found it in a state of confusion that he was unable to control. Because there was no gold he sent 500 Indians to Spain as slaves against the will of the king and queen. (This began a long and sordid tradition of abuse of the native peoples by Europeans from many countries. Since most of them did not have the level of "civilization" which Europe possessed at the time, they were considered "savages", and their nations were not respected.) This brought much ridicule on Columbus. He sailed back to Spain to defend himself and the king and queen refused to furnish him with the necessary ships for three years.

When he returned to Isabella he found it in a state of confusion that he was unable to control. Because there was no gold he sent 500 Indians to Spain as slaves against the will of the king and queen. (This began a long and sordid tradition of abuse of the native peoples by Europeans from many countries. Since most of them did not have the level of "civilization" which Europe possessed at the time, they were considered "savages", and their nations were not respected.) This brought much ridicule on Columbus. He sailed back to Spain to defend himself and the king and queen refused to furnish him with the necessary ships for three years.

==Fourth Voyage==

==Fourth Voyage==

When rumors of the confusion in Isabella reached Spain the king and queen sent Francisco de Bobadilla to investigate. Bobadilla arrested Columbus and his brother in the name of the crown, took charge of Isabella forcefully and sent them back to Spain. Columbus begged for one more chance to explore “Asia”. They gave him four broken down ships. His fleet was beaten with storms and he was forced to give up his last journey. He started back for Spain, but his ships were on the verge of collapse and he was forced to stay at Jamaica. He sent one of his crew to Isabella in a canoe to get rescue ships. Seven months later the ships came and took him back to Spain.

When rumors of the confusion in Isabella reached Spain the king and queen sent Francisco de Bobadilla to investigate. Bobadilla arrested Columbus and his brother in the name of the crown, took charge of Isabella forcefully and sent them back to Spain. Columbus begged for one more chance to explore “Asia”. They gave him four broken down ships. His fleet was beaten with storms and he was forced to give up his last journey. He started back for Spain, but his ships were on the verge of collapse and he was forced to stay at Jamaica. He sent one of his crew to Isabella in a canoe to get rescue ships. Seven months later the ships came and took him back to Spain.

==Death==

==Death==

Christopher Columbus died on May 20th, 1506 in Spain.  He died in poverty still believing that he had made four voyages to [[Asia]].

Christopher Columbus died on May 20th, 1506 in Spain.  He died in poverty still believing that he had made four voyages to [[Asia]].

== See also ==

== See also ==

*[[Ibn Battuta]]

*[[Ibn Battuta]]

*[[Marco Polo]]

*[[Marco Polo]]

== References ==

== References ==

*http://www.eesd.org/Matsumoto/TM30/history/Explorers/colom.html

*http://www.eesd.org/Matsumoto/TM30/history/Explorers/colom.html

*http://www.italian-american.com/columbus.htm

*http://www.italian-american.com/columbus.htm

*http://www.mariner.org/educationalad/ageofex/columbus.php

*http://www.mariner.org/educationalad/ageofex/columbus.php

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Columbus, Christopher}}

[[Category:Explorers]]

[[Category:Explorers]]

[[Category:European History]]

[[Category:European History]]