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| | Following a stroke on March 1, 1953, Stalin died on March 5 after a period of declining performance. Between 1949 and 1952 Stalin increasingly took vacations and met with the [[Politburo]] less and less. When he died a short power struggle ensued, one which led to the execution of KGB head [[Beria]] as a spy. Eventually [[Khrushchev]] became the General Secretary of the CPSU and denounced Stalin's repressive tactics, his purges, gulags, and his cult of personality in the [[Secret Speech]] at the 20th Party Congress of 1956. Gulags were dismantled and the political climate was slightly less tense, but Soviet oppression still continued. The period following Stalin's rule is called the "thaw," the start of life again after a long winter. | | Following a stroke on March 1, 1953, Stalin died on March 5 after a period of declining performance. Between 1949 and 1952 Stalin increasingly took vacations and met with the [[Politburo]] less and less. When he died a short power struggle ensued, one which led to the execution of KGB head [[Beria]] as a spy. Eventually [[Khrushchev]] became the General Secretary of the CPSU and denounced Stalin's repressive tactics, his purges, gulags, and his cult of personality in the [[Secret Speech]] at the 20th Party Congress of 1956. Gulags were dismantled and the political climate was slightly less tense, but Soviet oppression still continued. The period following Stalin's rule is called the "thaw," the start of life again after a long winter. |
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| − | ==Stalin and Religion==
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| − | Joseph Stalin - The bloodiest communist regime dictator was not an ATHEIST(!), but RELIGIOUS COMMUNIST.
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| − | 1. Stalin grow-up in religious family and it was planed that he will become a priest. Therefore Stalin received religious education in Gori Church‘s School and Tbilisi Priest‘s Seminary which he didn’t accomplished because later he entered Revolution movement. Likely, those ideas about defending poor people and that rich people will go to hell or at least for them will be hard to go to (communistic) heaven... no doubt that Stalin collected such ideas from his religious education. In the Bible itself there are explanations that it will be hard to go to Heaven for rich people and they are oppressors of the poor. “All capital/property is evil and rich people must gift their property to poor” – was not too far from The Bible and teachings of Christ as Christians wants to present now. For example:
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| − | <span style="color: #800000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">Bible:NT:Mat:19:23-24 And Jesus said to his disciples, "Truly, I say to you, it will be hard for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven. Again I tell you, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God."
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| − | Bible:NT:Ja:2:5-6 “Listen, my beloved brethren. Has not God chosen those who are poor in the world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom which he has promised to those who love him? But you have dishonored the poor man. Is it not the rich who oppress you, is it not they who drag you into court?”
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| − | Bible:NT:Ja:5:1 “Come now, you rich, weep and howl for the miseries that are coming upon you.”</span>
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| − | <span style="color: #800000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">Bible shows that if you want to be real believer, you must resign your possessions to poor and have common property, like communists and planned:
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| − | Bible:NT:Lu:12:33 “Sell your possessions, and give alms; provide yourselves with purses that do not grow old, with a treasure in the heavens that does not fail, where no thief approaches and no moth destroys.”
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| − | Bible:NT:Mar:10:21-22 And Jesus looking upon him loved him, and said to him, "You lack one thing; go, sell what you have, and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me." At that saying his countenance fell, and he went away sorrowful; for he had great possessions.
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| − | Bible:NT:Ac:2:44-45 And all who believed were together and had all things in common; and they sold their possessions and goods and distributed them to all, as any had need.</span>
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| − | 2. Stalin wrote poems in Georgian language. They are so good that were being published in local magazines. Few fragments sounds so (translation from Georgian language by L.Kotiukov (Л. Котюков)):
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| − | ''(...) In his burden and song''<br />
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| − | ''like the beam of the Sun,''<br />
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| − | ''lived great truth –''<br />
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| − | ''Divine dream. (...)''<br />
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| − | ''But people who forgot God,''<br />
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| − | ''with darkness in their hearts,''<br />
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| − | ''instead of wine served poison''<br />
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| − | ''to him in the cup.''<br />
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| − | ''And told to him: “Damn you!''<br />
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| − | ''Drink this cup to the bottom!...''<br />
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| − | ''And your song is alien for us,''<br />
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| − | ''and we don’t need your truth!”''<br />
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| − | <span style="color: #008000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">В напеве его и в песне,<br />
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| − | Как солнечный луч чиста,<br />
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| − | Жила великая правда -<br />
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| − | Божественная мечта.<br />
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| − | Но люди, забывшие Бога,<br />
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| − | Хранящие в сердце тьму,<br />
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| − | Вместо вина отраву<br />
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| − | Налили в чашу ему.<br />
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| − | Сказали ему: "Будь проклят!<br />
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| − | Чашу испей до дна!...<br />
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| − | И песня твоя чужда нам,
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| − | <br />И правда твоя не нужна!"<br /></span>
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| − | 3. Stalin’s daughter Svetlana Alliluyeva Stalin said (documentary „Mysteries of the Century: Kremlin Kids” <span style="color: #800000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">(“Тайны века" - "Дети Кремля”)</span> 2003-03-19, 1 Channel 1 Russia), how Stalin told her that Christ existed.
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| − | '''''Journalist:''' It is interesting, that from all Kremlin’ residents, maybe, just Stalin believed in God...''<br />
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| − | '''''S.Alliluyeva:''' In fathers library, between other books, were few tomes of “Christ”. It was history of Christ written by vox populist Morozov. I said to my father: “But Christ didn’t exist!” and he answered “Oh no, Christ, surely existed.”''
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| − | <span style="color: #008000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">'''Ведущий:''' Интересно, что из обитателей Кремля, наверное, только Сталин верил в Бога...<br />
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| − | '''С.Аллилуева:''' У отца среди книг в библиотеке стояли несколько томов "Христос". Это история Христа, написанная народовольцем Морозовым. Я сказала отцу: "Но ведь Христос не существовал!". А он ответил "Да нет, Христос, конечно, существовал".</span>
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| − | In other-bigger Interview to Russian magazine “Version” <span style="color: #800000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">(“Версия”)</span> and second Russian TV channel RTR (1998) Svetlana spoke more about her father’s belief in God. She said, that later Stalin told her history of Christ. And she thinks that he was believer.
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| − | Stalin‘s wife Nadezhda maybe was an atheist, because she denied for nannies to talk about God with kids. But it was not big problem - by official version (maybe with God‘s help Nadezhda shoot herself in 1932. Maybe it is symbolic, that her name means “Hope”. Stalin’s daughter said that after mother’s death Stalin lost everything human in him. We can conclude from this, that Stalin told about Christ to his daughter before year 1932. Other thing, Stalin told about Christ to his daughter after she showed interest in Stalin‘s personal library book from series „Christ“.
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| − | 4. At meeting of the Political Bureau in 1933 Stalin gave speech where he told not to destroy and but prevent churches. Fragment of his speech sounds so: ''“Central Committee considers that it is impossible to designing buildings with destruction of temples and churches, what we must treat like monuments of architecture by Old Russian heritage."'' <span style="color: #008000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">("ЦК считает невозможным проектирование застроек за счет разрушения храмов и церквей, что следует считать памятниками архитектуры древнерусского зодчества".).</span>
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| − | 5. Under Stalin‘s insisting In 1939, Politburo of the Central Committee has admitted prosecutions of believers “inexpedient”. In 1939 Stalin canceled Lenin's instruction from May, 1st, 1919 for N 13666-2 "About struggle against priests and religion" and gave orders to People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) to release from custody already arrested priests ''“if activity of these citizens didn’t harm the Soviet authority”''. Lenin was an atheist and banned religion mostly because Church was rich and supported Monarchy-Tsar <span style="color: #800000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">(Bible:NT:Ro:13:1 “Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.”)</span> - was against parliamentarian government system and by that government was hanged his brother. Other thing, psychologist Giunter Cruse, who examined Vladimir Ulajnov’s (Lenin) genealogy tree, found that Lenin’s grandmother was burned on fire as which. Lenin has his reasons not to like Church. But even Lenin scraped with Stalin and tried to keep him from power until was alive because of Stalin’s cruelty. Why Russians hated church, especially after war? Church was flirting with Nazi in World War Two (Pius XI signed friendly agreement with Mussolini in 1929 and with Hitler in 1934). Fascism was born with Mussolini in Italy (Vatican’s cradle). So it is normal, that Russians revenged to all, who collaborated with Nazi and fascists.
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| − | 6. Juri Solowjew (Stalin’s Personal Guard for 10 years) claimed that in World War Two Stalin went to small Kremlins Church. (French, Austrian, Germany and Russian documentary “Inside the Kremlin: In the Heart of Russia” by Thomas Schreiber (2005, NDR Television in cooperation with Channel 1 Russia). It could be between years 1939 and 1945.
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| − | 7. In 1942-1943 Stalin started to organze meetings with priests and incited to reopened Churches, seminaries, academies, publish religious magazines in “communistic speed” (as quick as possible) and promised full support. In one such meeting “Comrade Stalin told: ''“Well, as you want, this is your business and if you want theological class, begin with them, but the Government will not have objections and against opening seminaries and academies"'' (M.I.Odincov “Russian patriarchs of XX century” year 1994, № 34 note of G.G.Karpov about Russian patriarchs welcome by J.V.Stalin 286 page).
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| − | <span style="color: #008000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">“Тов. Сталин сказал: "Ну, как хотите, это дело ваше, а если хотите богословские курсы, начинайте с них, но Правительство не будет иметь возражений и против открытия семинарий и академий". (Одинцов М.И. „Русские патриархи ХХ века.“ 1994 год, № 34 записка Г.Г.Карпова о приеме И.В.Сталиным иерархов Русской Православной Церкви 286 стр.).</span>
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| − | ''“Stalin has told, that the church can count on comprehensive support of the Government in all questions connected with its organizational strengthening and development inside of the USSR and that, as he spoke about the organization of spiritual educational institutions, not objecting to opening of seminaries in dioceses so there cannot be obstacles and to opening managements of candle factories at eparchial and other manufactures.”''
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| − | <span style="color: #008000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">“Тов. Сталин сказал, что церковь может рассчитывать на всестороннюю поддержку Правительства во всех вопросах, связанных с ее организационным укреплением и развитием внутри СССР, и что, как он говорил об организации духовных учебных заведений, не возражая против открытия семинарий в епархиях, так не может быть препятствий и к открытию при епархиальных управлениях свечных заводов и других производств.”</span>
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| − | ''“Then, addressing to me, Stalin has told: “It is necessary to provide the right of the bishop to dispose church's sums (money). It is no need to do obstacles for the organization of seminaries, candle factories, etc.”''
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| − | <span style="color: #008000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">"Затем, обращаясь ко мне, т. Сталин сказал: "Надо обеспечить право архиерея распоряжаться церковными суммами. Не надо делать препятствий к организации семинарий, свечных заводов и т. д.".</span>
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| − | 8. English historian Simon Sebag Montefiore studied Stalin’s hobbies and personal library, what Stalin liked to read, what kind of marks he left in his books. He found that Stalin liked to quote long quotes from the Bible. Stalin left such mark about God in the book by Anatole France "Last pages. Dialogues under a rose": ''"Don‘t know traces, don‘t see. There is no Him for them”'' <span style="color: #008000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">(“Следов не знают, не видят. Его для них нет”)</span>. It seems that Stalin thought he knew God’s traces and saw God, not like others.
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| − | 9. Stalin "hated" religion so much, that in 1951-06-27 he gaved “Stalin’s Prize” to English clergyman Hewlett Johnson. Various prizes under Soviet authority received and other priests.
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| − | So, Stalin’s love to religion was not just right before his death, but started much earlier. Some people say, that Stalin reopened religion just because Hitler in Germany planed to attack Russia (therefore it is strange why Stalin didn’t believed, that Germany attacking USSR borders and argue that it is just propaganda by enemies right after invasion)... blah blah blah. Ok, maybe he told stories of Christ to his daughter Svetlana because he afraid Hitler too ? But even if so... it seems, that Stalin understood power of religion and if you want to send people to death ant kill others... the best help for that purpose can provide... religion. When you know, that Heaven is waiting for you after death, you can die with smile on your face. For deserts to religion and recreation of church in Russia, some groups even started initiative to declare Stalin as saint.
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| − | Why Stalin was so cruel? Violent father, Church School and Priest’s Seminary formed his view to the World and how he can treat it. This had impact to his actions:
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| − | I.V.Stalin remembered: ''"From the protest against a humiliating regime and Jesuit methods which were in seminary, I was ready to become and really became the revolutionist, the supporter of Marxism (auth. notice: not(!) Atheism), as really revolutionary doctrine"'' – so we can thank for Stalin what he was to …Priest’s Seminary.
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| − | <span style="color: #008000; font-style: italic; font-size: 8pt;">И.В. Сталин вспоминал: "Из протеста против издевательского режима и иезуитских методов, которые имелись в семинарии, я готов был стать и действительно стал революционером, сторонником марксизма, как действительно революционного учения".</span>
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| − | People often don’t understand difference between Communism/Socialism and Atheism/Theism – one ideology is about „'''humans(rich)''' vs '''humans(poor)'''“, other - „'''humans(all)''' vs '''God'''“. Church functioned and was not fully oppressed in USSR – maybe, because KGB very successfully used it to spy on people through confessions. Church in USSR was separated from Government IN THE SAME WAY(!) as in USA, European Union or other civilized parts of the World. Communism (commun=collective/shared) was not about believing or not believing in GOD (atheism/theism), but about COLLECTIVE PROPERTY. Because property of Churches was nationalized, Church and believers (especially in the West) started to conclude that it was “atheistic” regime (of course, just atheists are capable to kill, rob and take neighbors property by force) and “forgot” that property (in the same way) was taken from all atheists too. In Hitler’s Germany, Stalin’s Russia, Mao’s China, Pol Pot’s Cambodia (Theravada Buddhist 95%, other 5%) statistically almost all (~100%) people at that time were BELIEVERS! It is wrong to think, that in these countries (like Russia in 1917) communistic revolution (Great October <span style="color: #ff0000;">Socialist</span> Revolution) was realized by atheists – they were absolutely minority. Russia just now reached 24% atheists in state. Communism even didn’t destroyed religion but preserved it. In Communistic block countries there are more believers than in Western Europe (capitalistic countries). For example atheist’s amount:
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| − | Sweden 46%<br />
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| − | UK 46%<br />
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| − | Germany 44%<br />
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| − | Denmark 43%<br />
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| − | France 43%<br />
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| − | Belgium 42%<br />
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| − | Netherlands 39%<br />
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| − | ...<br />
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| − | <span style="color: #ff0000;">Russia 24%<br />
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| − | China 8%</span>
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| | ==Quotes== | | ==Quotes== |