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Line 1: − [[Image:Neisseriagon.jpg|thumbnail|175px|right|Gonorrhea is a [[sexually transmitted disease]] ([[STD]]) caused by the bacyterium [[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]].]] − ==Causes, incidence, and risk factors== − − According to the [[Centers For Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) '''gonorrhea''' is a [[sexually transmitted disease]] ([[STD]]) caused by the bacyterium [[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]].<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/std/Gonorrhea/STDFact-gonorrhea.htm</ref> It is spread by sexual contact both amongst homosexuals and heterosexuals. Approximately 700,000 people in the United States are afflicted with gonorrhea. <ref>http://www.cdc.gov/std/Gonorrhea/STDFact-gonorrhea.htm#common</ref> − − ==Symptoms== − − Symptoms of gonorrhea vary with many indviduals having no symptoms at all. When they do appear, symptoms can take from 5 - 30 days to appear. According to the CDC<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/std/Gonorrhea/STDFact-gonorrhea.htm#symptoms</ref>, symptoms of gonorrhea can include: − − In men: − A burning sensation when urinating − A white, yellow, or green discharge from the penis − Painful or swollen testicles. − − In women: − Painful or burning sensation when urinating − Increased vaginal discharge − Vaginal bleeding between periods − − Symptoms of rectal infection in both men and women may include discharge, anal itching, soreness, bleeding, or painful bowel movements. Rectal infection also may cause no symptoms. Infections in the throat may cause a sore throat but usually causes no symptoms. − − Left untreated, gonorrhea infection can result in severe complications including pelvic inflammatory disease in women and inflammation of the epididymis in men. In both sexes, these complications can lead to fertility. − − ==Tests== − − Testing for gonorrhea is accomplished by obtaining a swab of the infected area (vagina, penis, anus, or throat) and performing a Gram stain test, which can usually be accomplished in a doctor's office. − − ==Treatment== − − Antibiotic treatments exist for gonorrhea, but there are many drug resistant strains. − − ==Prevention== − − The only sure prevention of gonorrhea is [[abstinence]] − − ==Homosexuality and Gonorrhea== − In respect to [[Homosexuality and Gonorrhea|homosexuality and gonorrhea]], the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) had the following to report: − {{cquote|"CDC conducted sentinel surveillance in 28 cities and found the proportion of cases resistant to fluoroquinolone antibiotics (a first-line treatment for [[gonorrhea]]) increased from 4.1 percent in 2003 to 6.8 percent in 2004. Resistance is especially worrisome in men who have sex with men, where it was eight times higher than among heterosexuals (23.8 percent vs. 2.9 percent). In April 2004, CDC recommended that fluoroquinolones no longer be used as treatment for gonorrhea among men who have sex with men. These [[antibiotic]]s were also not recommended to treat the disease in anyone in [[California]] or [[Hawaii]], where resistance has been widespread for years. Outside of these states, the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance among heterosexuals remains low at 1.3 percent."<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/od/oc/media/pressrel/r051108.htm</ref>}} − − ==External Link== − *[http://www.cdc.gov/std/Gonorrhea/STDFact-gonorrhea.htm Information about Gonorrhea from the CDC] − ==References== − {{reflist|2}} − − − − [[Category:Sexually Transmitted Disease]] − [[Category:Gonorrhea]]
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