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Line 43:
Line 43: − + − Communists & [[Populist]]s favor central decision-making in both civil and economic matters. They believe the needs of the individual are subordinate to the needs of society. They want government to "correct wrongs." While they strongly differ on particular programs, both prefer equality in economic and personal matters.+ Line 54:
Line 54: − − Another chart that is similar is the political compass. It is divided into four quadrants; − # The Libertarian Right (Classical liberals such as Adam Smith as well as libertarians) - These individuals value both economic and personal freedom. They are support the free market like conservatives but they align with liberals when it comes to civil rights and freedoms. − # The Libertarian Left (Modern liberals such as Noam Chomsky and Ralph Nader would fall into this quadrant) - Modern liberals believe that government has no right invading people's personal lives (as long as they aren't harming others) but favour more government intervention in the economy to reduce poverty and to promote equality. − # The Authoritarian Right (Modern conservatives and at the more extreme end, fascists) - The authoritarian right promotes free market economics but believes that people's personal lives should be strictly regulated. Conservatives such as Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, and Margaret Thatcher are in this quadrant. Fascists such as Augusto Pinochet are also included in this quadarant but are at the most extreme ends, while conservatives tend to fall between centrist and moderate authoritarian. − # The Authoritarian Left - This quadrant includes conservative socialists and communists. They believe that both the economy and public behaviour should be controlled, at least partially by the state. An example of moderate authoritarian leftists would be a Christian democratic party or the Roman Catholic Church (moderate left wing, moderate authoritarian). Communist murders such as Mao, Pol Pot, and Stalin would be at the extreme ends of authoritarianism and at varying degrees of the left wing. − − Tyrannies have one thing in common, they are both high in authoritarianism. Whether it is left wing dictators such as Castro, Mugabe, or Kim Jong il, or right wing dictators such as Karimov, the Saudi royal family, or Alvaro Uribe; they are all extreme authoritarians. A person of any economic school of thought can be a dictator if they are willing to kill for that ideology, whether communist, capitalist, or otherwise. Line 86:
Line 78: − *[http://www.politicalcompass.org/ The Political Compass]
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Nolan saw how political families can be understood by the degree of INDIVIDUAL choice they offer in these categories. You can use this improved way of mapping political thought to better understand your local, national and international political environment.
Nolan saw how political families can be understood by the degree of INDIVIDUAL choice they offer in these categories. You can use this improved way of mapping political thought to better understand your local, national and international political environment.
Left/Liberals like personal choice in civil matters and central decision-making in economics. They want government to serve the disadvantaged and promote equality. Left/Liberals place high value on good intentions. They accept diversity in social behavior but seek more equality in economics. They work with Libertarians in defending civil liberties and with Communists in advancing economic central planning.
Left/Liberals like personal choice in civil matters and central decision-making in economics. They want government to serve the disadvantaged and promote equality. Left/Liberals place high value on good intentions. They accept diversity in social behavior but seek more equality in economics. They work with Libertarians in defending civil liberties and with Socialists in advancing economic central planning.
Right/Conservatives like personal choice in economics and central decision-making in civil matters. They want government to defend the community from threats to it's moral fiber. Right/Conservatives place high value on laws and legislation. They accept diversity in economics but seek similarity in social behavior. They work with Libertarians in defending economic freedoms and with Populists in enforcing community standards in social matters.
Right/Conservatives like personal choice in economics and central decision-making in civil matters. They want government to defend the community from threats to it's moral fiber. Right/Conservatives place high value on laws and legislation. They accept diversity in economics but seek similarity in social behavior. They work with Libertarians in defending economic freedoms and with Populists in enforcing community standards in social matters.
Socialists & [[Populist]]s favor central decision-making in both civil and economic matters. They believe the needs of the individual are subordinate to the needs of society. They want government to "correct wrongs." While they strongly differ on particular programs, both prefer equality in economic and personal matters.
Classical Liberals/Libertarians like personal choice in both civil and economic matters. They believe government's only purpose is to safeguard people from coercion and violence. They value individual responsibility and tolerance. Libertarians accept diversity in both social behavior and in economic situation.
Classical Liberals/Libertarians like personal choice in both civil and economic matters. They believe government's only purpose is to safeguard people from coercion and violence. They value individual responsibility and tolerance. Libertarians accept diversity in both social behavior and in economic situation.
Furthermore, the old fashioned left-right model is fatally flawed. The model implies that if you "go too far" (i.e., are consistent) with any political idea, you end up, in some inexplicable way, at [[totalitarianism]] or anarchism, or maybe both. Pursue conservative thought to its logical extreme, according to this model, and you somehow end up at fascism, which is national socialism, or white supremacy or some other authoritarian position. If you pursue liberal thought too far, you supposedly end up at socialism or communism. This is inconsistent, and it ignores large philosophical differences between, liberalism and communism, and conservatism and fascism.
Furthermore, the old fashioned left-right model is fatally flawed. The model implies that if you "go too far" (i.e., are consistent) with any political idea, you end up, in some inexplicable way, at [[totalitarianism]] or anarchism, or maybe both. Pursue conservative thought to its logical extreme, according to this model, and you somehow end up at fascism, which is national socialism, or white supremacy or some other authoritarian position. If you pursue liberal thought too far, you supposedly end up at socialism or communism. This is inconsistent, and it ignores large philosophical differences between, liberalism and communism, and conservatism and fascism.
==Extreme polarization==
==Extreme polarization==
==External links==
==External links==
*[http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~garfinkm/Spectrum.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~garfinkm/Spectrum.html&h=697&w=724&sz=181&tbnid=eAv0lAZBMDi55M:&tbnh=135&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpolitical%2Bspectrum&start=2&sa=X&oi=images&ct=image&cd=2 a 2-d view] with left-right based on US politics and a novel vertical axis
*[http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~garfinkm/Spectrum.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~garfinkm/Spectrum.html&h=697&w=724&sz=181&tbnid=eAv0lAZBMDi55M:&tbnh=135&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpolitical%2Bspectrum&start=2&sa=X&oi=images&ct=image&cd=2 a 2-d view] with left-right based on US politics and a novel vertical axis