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| + | The Solar System is the [[Sun]] and all the objects in orbit around the sun.<ref>Freedman, Kaufmann: ''Universe'', 7th edition</ref> Objects orbiting the sun include planets, moons, asteroids, and comets. |
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| + | ==Planets== |
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| + | A [[planet]] is defined as an object that orbits the [[sun]], is massive enough that its own gravity pulls it into a nearly round shape, and is dominant enough to clear away objects in its neighborhood. <ref>http://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/solarsystem/planetsf-20060824.html</ref> There are 8 planets in the solar system. They are, in order of increasing distance from the sun:<ref>The third grade</ref> |
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| + | *[[Mercury]] |
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| + | *[[Venus]] |
| | + | *[[Earth]] |
| | + | *[[Mars]] |
| | + | *[[Jupiter]] |
| | + | *[[Saturn]] |
| | + | *[[Uranus]] |
| | + | *[[Neptune]] |
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| | + | The first four planets are [[terrestrial planets]], the last 4 planets are [[jovian planets]]. Terrestrial planets are small in size, have high densities, and consist of rocky materials. Jovian planets are large in size, have low densities, and consist of gaseous materials. |
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| | + | ==Dwarf Planets== |
| | + | A [[dwarf planet]] is an object that orbits the sun and has a round shape. The crucial difference between a planet and a dwarf planet is that a dwarf planet is not large enough to clear the neighborhood of its orbit. Currently recognized dwarf planets are:<ref>http://www.answers.com/topic/dwarf-planet</ref> |
| | + | *[[Pluto]] |
| | + | *[[Eris]] |
| | + | *[[Ceres]] |
| | + | |
| | + | ==Asteroids== |
| | + | [[Asteroids]] are irregularly shaped chunks of rocks in the solar system. They exist mostly in 2 places: |
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| | + | *The [[asteroid belt]], which is between the orbits of [[Mars]] and [[Jupiter]] |
| | + | *The [[Kuiper belt]], which shares its orbit with [[Pluto]] |
| | + | |
| | + | ==Comets== |
| | + | [[Comets]] are chunks of dust and ice. Some are in an [[ellipse|elliptical]] orbit around the sun, meaning that they will return someday. Some are in a [[hyperbola|hyperbolic]] orbit around the sun, meaning that they will only come into the solar system once and will never return. |
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| | + | ==References== |
| | + | <references/> |
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| | + | [[Category:Astronomy]] |