[[Physician]]s are required by law, in most jurisdictions, never to disclose details of a patient's illness or injury, or how such illness or injury came about, except only by the patient's consent (and to those to whom the patient permits the physician to disclose this information), or except under specific circumstances prescribed by law. The chief federal extension of this legal principle of confidentiality is the [[Health Information and Patient Privacy Act]], which requires those who keep and maintain medical records in any form, paper or electronic, to guard them carefully against unauthorized access or disclosure. | [[Physician]]s are required by law, in most jurisdictions, never to disclose details of a patient's illness or injury, or how such illness or injury came about, except only by the patient's consent (and to those to whom the patient permits the physician to disclose this information), or except under specific circumstances prescribed by law. The chief federal extension of this legal principle of confidentiality is the [[Health Information and Patient Privacy Act]], which requires those who keep and maintain medical records in any form, paper or electronic, to guard them carefully against unauthorized access or disclosure. |