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[[Image:396px-Joan of arc miniature graded.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Painting, c. 1485. The only known portrait for which she sat has not survived, so all depictions of her represent artistic license. (Centre Historique des Archives Nationales, Paris, AE II 2490)]]

[[Image:396px-Joan of arc miniature graded.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Painting, c. 1485. The only known portrait for which she sat has not survived, so all depictions of her represent artistic license. (Centre Historique des Archives Nationales, Paris, AE II 2490)]]

'''Joan of Arc''' (Jeanne d'Arc) (Domremy in Champagne, [[France]] 1412 - Rouen, France 1431) was a girl who, at the age of seventeen, believed she had been called by God to lead the French army which went on to defeat the English at the siege at [[Orleans]] in 1429. She was later captured by the English, burned at stake as a [[heretic]] in 1431, and was canonized by the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in 1920 and is accordingly known today as St. Joan.

'''Joan of Arc''' (Jeanne d'Arc)<ref>''Joan of Arc'' is the English translation of the French name ''Jeanne d'Arc.'' Her name was spelled in a variety of ways; she herself signed her first name as "Jehanne" on some letters. [http://www.brynmawr.edu/Library/exhibits/jehanne/contemporary.html Contemporary accounts of Joan of Arc], Bryn Mawr college library. She is also known as "the Maid of Orleans" and "La Pucelle" (French for "the maid").</ref> (Domremy in Champagne, [[France]] 1412 - Rouen, France 1431) was a girl who, at the age of seventeen, believed she had been called by God to lead the French army which went on to defeat the English at the siege at [[Orleans]] in 1429. She was later captured by the English, burned at stake as a [[heretic]] in 1431, and was canonized by the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in 1920 and is accordingly known today as St. Joan.

 

''Joan of Arc'' is the English translation of the French name ''Jeanne d'Arc.'' Her name was spelled in a variety of ways; she herself signed her first name as "Jehanne" on some letters.<ref>[http://www.brynmawr.edu/Library/exhibits/jehanne/contemporary.html Contemporary accounts of Joan of Arc], Bryn Mawr college library</ref> She is also known as "the Maid of Orleans" and "La Pucelle" (French for "the maid").

Relics thought to be those of Joan of Arc were recently proved to be a nineteenth century forgery involving the remains of an Egyptian mummy.  <ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/story/0,,2050361,00.html Joan of Arc holy relics are fake]</ref> The survival of her organs was thought to be a miracle, since contemporary historical records describe how she was burned three times to ensure nothing remained.

Relics thought to be those of Joan of Arc were recently proved to be a nineteenth century forgery involving the remains of an Egyptian mummy.  <ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/story/0,,2050361,00.html Joan of Arc holy relics are fake]</ref> The survival of her organs was thought to be a miracle, since contemporary historical records describe how she was burned three times to ensure nothing remained.