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Charles Sumner (1811–1874) was an [[abolitionist]] U.S. Senator from Massachusetts who drove to eradicate slavery and who became a [[Radical Republican]] after the [[Civil War]].  A founder of the [[Republican Party]], Sumner served Massachusetts in the U.S. Senate for 23 years.  

'''Charles Sumner''' (1811–1874) was an [[abolitionist]] U.S. Senator from Massachusetts who drove to eradicate slavery and who became a [[Radical Republican]] after the [[Civil War]].  A founder of the [[Republican Party]], Sumner served Massachusetts in the U.S. Senate for 23 years.  

His strident stand against slavery and insulting language drove Congressman [[Preston Brooks]] of South Carolina to fly into a rage and violently beat Sumner with the head of his cane, as Sumner sat at his desk on the floor of the U.S. Senate<ref>http://www.impeach-andrewjohnson.com/11BiographiesKeyIndividuals/CharlesSumner.htm</ref>. Sumner did not recover for three more years, when he retook his seat on the Senate<ref>http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USASsumner.htm</ref>.  

His strident stand against slavery and insulting language drove Congressman [[Preston Brooks]] of South Carolina to fly into a rage and violently beat Sumner with the head of his cane, as Sumner sat at his desk on the floor of the U.S. Senate<ref>http://www.impeach-andrewjohnson.com/11BiographiesKeyIndividuals/CharlesSumner.htm</ref>. Sumner did not recover for three more years, when he retook his seat on the Senate<ref>http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USASsumner.htm</ref>.