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The '''Crimean War''' lasted from October 1853 to February 1856.  It was a war fought primarily on the [[Crimean Peninsula]] between the Russians on one side, and the British, French, and the [[Ottoman Turks|Ottoman Empire]] on the other.

The '''Crimean War''' lasted from October 1853 to February 1856.  It was a war fought primarily on the [[Crimean Peninsula]] between the [[Russia]]ns on one side, and the British, French, and the [[Ottoman Turks|Ottoman Empire]] on the other.

The beginnings of the war can be traced to 1851, when [[Napoleon III]] ([[France]]) demanded that the Ottomans acknowledge France as the 'sovereign authority' of the Holy Land.

The beginnings of the war can be traced to 1851, when [[Napoleon III]] (France) demanded that the Ottomans acknowledge [[France]] as the 'sovereign authority' of the [[Holy Land]].

However, this flew in the face of two earlier treaties between the Russians and the Ottomans, and so the Ottomans renounced the treaty. Napoleon III responded by sending a warship, the ''Charlemagne'' to the Black Sea. This show of force, along with some diplomacy and money, led to the Sultan Abd-ul-Mejid I to reversing his decision, and a new treaty confirmed France and the Catholic Church as the supreme Christian Organization in the Holy Land. It also gave the keys to the Church of the Nativity, previously in the hands of the Greek Orthodox Church, to the Catholic Church.  

However, this flew in the face of two earlier treaties between the Russians and the Ottomans, and so the Ottomans renounced the treaty. Napoleon III responded by sending a warship, the ''Charlemagne'' to the [[Black Sea]]. This show of force, along with some diplomacy and money, led the Sultan Abd-ul-Mejid I to reverse his decision, and a new treaty confirmed France and the Catholic Church as the supreme Christian Organization in the Holy Land. It also gave the keys to the [[Church of the Nativity]], previously in the hands of the [[Greek Orthodox Church]], to the [[Catholic Church]].  

Napoleon appeared to misjudge the religious convictions of Tsar Nicholas I. Angry over losing the diplomatic war to France , the Russian Tsar had his 4th and 5th Army Corps mobilized and deployed along the River Danube and had Count Karl Nesselrode, his foreign minister, begin a diplomatic war to regain Russian prestige with the Ottomans.

Napoleon appeared to misjudge the religious convictions of Tsar [[Nicholas I]]. Angry over losing the diplomatic war to France, the Russian Tsar had his 4th and 5th Army Corps mobilized and deployed along the [[River Danube]] and had Count [[Karl Nesselrode]], his foreign minister, begin a diplomatic war to regain Russian prestige with the Ottomans.

Prince Menshikov attempted to negotiate a new treaty, under which Russia would be allowed to interfere whenever it deemed the Sultan's protection inadequate.

Prince Menshikov attempted to negotiate a new treaty, under which Russia would be allowed to interfere whenever it deemed the Sultan's protection inadequate.