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A '''cadence''' is a group of [[note]]s or [[chord]]s at the end of a phrase or piece of [[music]] that gives a feeling of pausing or finality. Cadences may be thought as the punctuation in music, just like commas or full stops in a sentence.
A '''cadence''' is a group of [[note]]s or [[chord]]s at the end of a phrase or piece of [[music]] that gives a feeling of pausing or finality. An important characteristic of any cadence is its degree of finality, expressed in terms of its relative strength. Cadences may be thought as the punctuation in music, just like commas or full stops in a sentence.
Cadences may be notated in two styles: vocal style and piano style.
Cadences may be notated in two styles: vocal style and piano style.
* '''Vocal style''' - Cadences are notated so that it is easier for vocalists to sing. (Two voices are notated on the treble staff and two voices on the bass staff)
* '''Vocal style''' - Cadences are notated so that it is easier for vocalists to sing. (Two voices are notated on the treble staff and two voices on the bass staff)
* '''Piano style''' - This variation differs from the vocal style cadence as it caters for the pianist's finger-span. (Three voices are notated on the treble staff and one voice on the bass staff)
* '''Piano style''' - This variation differs from the vocal style cadence as it caters for the pianist's finger-span. (Three voices are notated on the treble staff and one voice on the bass staff)
== Types of cadence ==
The four most important cadences are:
The four most important cadences are:
Cadences do not necessarily have to employ chords in their root position. When inversions are used, the cadence is said to be inverted.
Cadences do not necessarily have to employ chords in their root position. When inversions are used, the cadence is said to be inverted.
== Strength of cadence ==
A few aspects may define the strength of a musical cadence.
* Basic fifth relationship
If the roots are a fifth apart, the cadence is stronger when this interval is made apparent to the ear by placing both root notes in the bass.
* Position of root in final cadence
If the phrase concludes with a tonic chord (as in a perfect cadence), it will be stronger if the root, rather than the third or fifth, appears in the uppermost voice (eg. soprano voice) of this chord.
* Conclusion on a tonic chord
A cadence that ends on a tonic chord is stronger than one that does not. This is also true even when this final tonic is a secondary tonic.
* Presence of the leading tone in either chord
* Masculine ending
The masculine ending is a stronger form of cadence than the feminine ediring. Masculine ending - cadence ends on a strong beat. Feminine ending - cadence ends on a weak beat.
[[Category:Music]]
[[Category:Music]]