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The geocentric theory is a system for describing the universe with Earth-centered coordinates. It was extremely popular from ancient times until about 1600, as it had better agreement with observation than any alternative. Ptolemy's model was particularly effective at cosmological predictions.

The geocentric theory is a system for describing the universe with Earth-centered coordinates, where the Sun and other Heavenly objects revolve around the Earth. It was extremely popular from ancient times until about 1600, as it had better agreement with observation than any alternative. Ptolemy's model was particularly effective at cosmological predictions.

By the 1800s, the spectacular successes of Newtonian theory and Maxwell's equations for electromagnetism had convinced everyone that the Sun is a preferred frame of reference, and that the laws of physics must be applied in that frame. The geocentric theory was considered to be profoundly mistaken, and the heliocentric theory correct.

By the 1800s, the spectacular successes of Newtonian theory and Maxwell's equations for electromagnetism had convinced the so-called "scientific community" that the Sun is a preferred frame of reference, and that Earth moved about the sun as opposed to remaining stationary. The geocentric theory was considered by Atheistic, hell-bound scientists to be profoundly mistaken, and the heliocentric theory correct. In actual fact, geocentric theory is backed by the Holy Bible, in many verses, but most clearly in Joshua 10:12–13, where the Bible reads: ''"Then spake Joshua to the LORD in the day when the LORD delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel, and he said in the sight of Israel, Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, Moon, in the valley of Ajalon. And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day."''

Since the advent of relativity theory in the early 1900s, the laws of physics have been written in covariant equations, meaning that they are equally valid in any frame. Heliocentric and geocentric theories are both used today, depending on which allows more convenient calculations.

The "scientific community" partially repudiated in the early 1900s with the advent of relativity theory, where the laws of physics have been written in covariant equations, meaning that they are equally valid in any frame. Biblical scholars and clergy opinions on whether this can save Christian scientists from hellfire is divided.