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Line 1: − A large class of [[minerals]] includes [[compounds]] of [[metallic]] [[elements]] with the '''[[phosphate]]''' ([[phosphorus|P]][[oxygen|O]]<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>), '''[[arsenate]]''' ([[arsenic|As]][[oxygen|O]]<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>), and the '''[[vanadate]]''' ([[vanadium|V]][[oxygen|O]]<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>). radicals. Several members of this class, including [[apatite]] and [[monazite]], are [[primary mineral]]s, but most are [[secondary mineral|secondary]] and are formed through alteration of metallic-ore minerals, such as [[sulfide]]s of [[copper]], [[iron]], [[lead]], and [[zinc]]. In general, most of these minerals are soft and [[brittle]], and often occur in small inconspicuous masses or [[crystals]]. Many are brightly colored and yield very colorful [[specimens]]. + − − ==Sources== − *Chesterman, Charles W. ''The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf: New York (1987), ''p. 471'' − [[category:Mineralogy]]
Phosphates, Arsenates, and Vanadates (view source)
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