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'''Absolute zero''' is the practical minimum of [[Temperature|temperature]], defined as 0 [[kelvin]]s on the [[absolute temperature scale]]s (the zero on the Kelvin scale has had to adjust, slightly, as measurements of absolute zero are refined).  This corresponds to -273.15 degrees [[Celsius]] and -459.67 degrees [[Fahrenheit]]. At absolute zero, all thermal motion (i.e. the movement of [[Molecule|molecules]] in a [[States of matter#gaseous|gas]], [[Atom|atoms]] in a [[Crystal|crystal]]) would cease.

'''Absolute zero''' is the practical minimum of [[temperature]], defined as 0 [[kelvin]]s on the [[absolute temperature scale]]s (the zero on the Kelvin scale has had to adjust, slightly, as measurements of absolute zero are refined).  This corresponds to -273.15 degrees [[Celsius]] and -459.67 degrees [[Fahrenheit]]. At absolute zero, all thermal motion (i.e. the movement of [[molecules]] in a [[gas]], [[atom]]s in a [[crystal]]) would cease.

No place in our universe can reach absolute zero, but there are places that get close. [[Space]] is approximately 2.73 kelvins. This is not because heat from [[star|stars]] in the universe keep the temperature up, but because of [[Black-Body Radiation]], which occupies the [[vacuum]] of space. This [[radiation]] keeps the universe at this temperature. The [[Cosmic Background Explorer]], (CBE), measured this value. The [[Big Bang]] theory predicted a leftover background radiation and that such radiation would have a relative uniformity, which is reinforced by the evidence presented by the CBE's observations.

No place in our universe can reach absolute zero, but there are places that get close. [[Space]] is approximately 2.73 kelvins. This is not because heat from [[star]]s in the universe keep the temperature up, but because of [[Black-Body Radiation]], which occupies the [[vacuum]] of space. This [[radiation]] keeps the universe at this temperature. The [[Cosmic Background Explorer]], (CBE), measured this value. The [[Big Bang]] theory predicted a leftover background radiation and that such radiation would have a relative uniformity, which is reinforced by the evidence presented by the CBE's observations.

== Reaching Towards Absolute Zero ==

== Reaching Towards Absolute Zero ==

It is considered theoretically impossible to achieve absolute Zero, but scientists have come quite close.  The first example of this occurred in 1908 when [[Kammerlingh Onnes]] liquefied [[Helium]].  The temperature he reached was approximately four kelvins.  Lower temperatures have been reached with different [[isotope|isotopes]] of Helium.  A temperature of 0.3 kelvins has been reached with ³He.  The lowest temperature ever reached by any substance was 280 picokelvins.

It is considered theoretically impossible to achieve absolute Zero, but scientists have come quite close.  The first example of this occurred in 1908 when [[Kammerlingh Onnes]] liquefied [[Helium]].  The temperature he reached was approximately four kelvins.  Lower temperatures have been reached with different [[isotope]]s of Helium.  A temperature of 0.3 kelvins has been reached with ³He.  The lowest temperature ever reached by any substance was 280 picokelvins.

== Sources ==

== Sources ==