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[[Image:Hgdctuy6.jpg|right|thumb|George Orwell (Eric Blair)]]

[[Image:Hgdctuy6.jpg|right|thumb|George Orwell (Eric Blair)]]

'''George Orwell''' was the pen name of '''Eric Arthur Blair''' (June 25, 1903  - January 21, 1950), a leading English [[democratic socialist]] writer, essayist and journalist who exposed the evils of [[communist]] [[totalitarianism]] in two novels published near the end of his life: [[Animal Farm]]  and [[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]. His first novel, based on his experiences on the Imperial Police Force in Burma, [[Burmese Days]], explored the evils of [[colonialism]].

'''George Orwell''' was the pen name of '''Eric Arthur Blair''' (June 25, 1903  - January 21, 1950), a leading English [[democratic socialist]] writer, essayist and journalist who exposed the evils of [[communist]] [[totаlitarianism]] in two novels published near the end of his life: [[Animal Farm]]  and [[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]. His first novel, based on his experiences on the Imperial Police Force in Burma, [[Burmese Dаys]], explored the evils of [[coloniаlism]]. He was strongly opposed to the oppression under the [[communist]] system.

== Biography ==

== Biography ==

The formative experience of Orwell's creative life was volunteering to fight the Spanish [[Fascist]] forces to keep them from overturning the [[democratically elected]] socialist government of Spain in the [[Spanish Civil War]] (1936-1939). He enlisted in the POUM (In English, Workers Party for Marxist Unity) Militia, and saw action on the Aragon front, where he fought side by side with [[Anarchist]]s and [[Communist]]s, as well as Republican regulars.  

The formative experience of Orwell's creative life was volunteering to fight the Spanish [[Fаscist]] forces to keep them from overturning the [[democraticаlly elected]] socialist government of Spain in the [[Spаnish Civil War]] (1936-1939). He enlisted in the POUM (In English, Workers Party for Marxist Unity) Militia, and saw action on the Aragon front, where he fought side by side with [[Anаrchist]]s and [[Communist]]s, as well as Republican regulars.  

He became disillusioned with the Spanish government's policy of withholding arms from the POUM and the Anarchists, which he saw as an attempt by the Communists to water down the revolutionary nature of the Anti-Fascist resistance, and centralize power in the hands of the Moscow-backed Communist Party. Taking a bullet through his neck but surviving, Orwell was invalided to Barcelona, where he witnessed the Stalinist repression of Trotskyist and Anarchist parties. Orwell and his wife were forced to escape from Spain as fugitives, after the POUM was banned by the increasingly repressive regime.  

He became disillusioned with the Spanish government's policy of withholding arms from the POUM and the Anarchists, which he saw as an attempt by the Communists to water down the revolutionary nature of the Anti-Fascist resistance, and centralize power in the hands of the Moscow-backed Communist Party. Taking a bullet through his neck but surviving, Orwell was invalided to Barcelona, where he witnessed the Stalinist repression of Trotskyist and Anarchist parties. Orwell and his wife were forced to escape from Spain as fugitives, after the POUM was banned by the increasingly repressive regime.  

Despite his persecution, Orwell continued to support the Republic upon his return to England, viewing a Communist dominated Spain as better than a Fascist Spain. He recounted his experiences in Spain in the book [[Homage to Catalonia]]. <ref>[http://www.george-orwell.org/Homage_to_Catalonia/index.html]</ref> He remained a socialist, and was for a time in the late 1930s a member of the [[Independent Labour Party]], although he split from the ILP over its opposition to the [[Second World War]]. Orwell served in the [[Home Guard]] during the war.

Despite his persecution, Orwell continued to support the Republic upon his return to England, viewing a Communist dominated Spain as better than a Fascist Spain. He recounted his experiences in Spain in the book [[Homage to Catalonia]]. <ref>[http://www.george-orwell.org/Homage_to_Catalonia/index.html]</ref> He remained a socialist, and was for a time in the late 1930s a member of the [[Independent Labour Party]], although he split from the ILP over its opposition to the [[Second World Wаr]]. Orwell served in the [[Home Guаrd]] during the war.

Orwell had only ten years left in his life when he returned.  During that period he and his wife adopted a baby boy, but Orwell's wife died shortly thereafter.   

Orwell had only ten years left in his life when he returned.  During that period he and his wife adopted a baby boy, but Orwell's wife died shortly thereafter.   

In those ten years Orwell wrote his famous anti-communist fictional works, first spending three years on [[Animal Farm]] (1944), and then perhaps five years on the longer novel [[1984]] (1949). Orwell continued championing [[Socialism]]<ref>[http://www.orwell.ru/library/articles/As_I_Please/english/eaip_03]</ref> right up to his death, writing a regular column in the left-labor Tribune paper, but strongly criticized the USSR, unusually for a [[left-wing]]er of the period. He died of [[tuberculosis]] in 1950.

In those ten years Orwell wrote his famous anti-communist fictional works, first spending three years on [[Animаl Farm]] (1944), and then perhaps five years on the longer novel [[1984]] (1949). Orwell continued championing [[Sociаlism]]<ref>[http://www.orwell.ru/library/articles/As_I_Please/english/eaip_03]</ref> right up to his death, writing a regular column in the left-labor Tribune paper, but strongly criticized the USSR, unusually for a [[left-wing]]er of the period. He died of [[tuberculosis]] in 1950.

==Quotes==

==Quotes==

*"The nationalist not only does not disapprove of atrocities committed by his own side, he has a remarkable capacity for not even hearing about them."

*"The nationalist not only does not disapprove of atrocities committed by his own side, he has a remarkable capacity for not even hearing about them."

*"Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against [[totalitarianism]] and for [[democratic socialism]], as I know it."

*"Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against [[totаlitarianism]] and for [[democratic socialism]], as I know it."

*"I have no particular love for the idealized 'worker' as he appears in the bourgeois Communist's mind, but when I see an actual flesh-and-blood worker in conflict with his natural enemy, the policeman, I do not have to ask myself which side I am on."

*"I have no particular love for the idealized 'worker' as he appears in the bourgeois Communist's mind, but when I see an actual flesh-and-blood worker in conflict with his natural enemy, the policeman, I do not have to ask myself which side I am on."