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:Congress shall make no law ... abridging the freedom of speech ....
:Congress shall make no law ... abridging the freedom of speech ....
The U.S. Supreme Court has expanded this prohibition to apply against all forms of government, such as [[state]] and [[local government]]s.
The purpose of the [[free speech]] was to limit the power of the [[federal government]]. For [[James Madison]], "the First Amendment is not about self-expression, the search for truth as an end in itself, or even the opportunity for political participation as a means of self-fulfillment — it is about checking abuses of power."; he did not even cite the First Amendment in criticizing the [[Sedition Act]].<ref>http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2004_spr/blasi.htm</ref>
After the [[Civil War]] and the passage of the [[Fourteenth Amendment]], the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] expanded the [[First Amendment]] to apply against all forms of government, such as [[state]] and [[local government]]s.
== What Free Speech Is ==
== What Free Speech Is ==