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'''Architecture''' is the [[art]] and [[science]] of constructing the built environment. The discipline that deals with the design, construction and ornamentation of fine buildings.

'''Architecture''' is the [[art]] and [[science]] of constructing the built environment. The discipline that deals with the design, construction and ornamentation of fine buildings.

"Architecture and eloquence are mixed arts whose end is sometimes beauty and sometimes use"

"Architecture and eloquence are mixed arts whose end is sometimes beauty and sometimes use."

== Greek architecture ==

== Greek architecture ==

    

    

===Romanesque Architecture===

===Romanesque Architecture===

[[Image:Burgos Cathedral.JPG|thumb|Burgos Cathedral, [[Spain]]]]

[[Image:Basilica.jpg|thumb|140px|Basilica, Paray-le-Monial, France.]]

Romanesque architecture is characterized by thick walls, rounded arches and small windows. The Gothic style, developed later, consisted of taller, perpendicular structures with long windows, pointed arches and "[[flying buttress]]es" (stone supports on the outer walls of churches). 

Romanesque architecture was a continuation of the Roman tradition of building. This architecture is characterized by thick walls, rounded arches and small windows. Some examples of this period are: ''San Miniato al Monte'', Firenze, Italy, 1018-1062, ''Notre Dame le Grande'', Poitiers, France, early 12th century, ''The Basilica'', Paray-le-Monial, France, 1090-1110, and ''Ste. Marie, Souillac'', France. c. 1130.

 

[[Image:Souillac.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Ste. Marie, Souillac, France.]]

===Gothic Architecture===

===Gothic Architecture===

[[Gothic architecture]], with its tall, pointed [[spire]]s is said to reflect the desire of people of the Middle Ages to grow closer to [[God]], reaching towards [[heaven]] and away from the earth. Spires were a source of pride for churches, and stressing the limits of architecture resulted in frequent collapses of church buildings - much like miniature [[tower of babel|Towers of Babel]].  Tall windows allowed sunlight to illuminate the interior, unlike Romanesque architecture, in which windows were small and interiors were dim.  A particularly stunning example of Gothic architecture is the [[Notre Dame]] in [[Paris]], on which construction began in 1163 during the reign of [[Louis VII]], and was completed about 200 years later in about 1345.  The Notre Dame features a beautiful stained-glass "rose window," which is another distinguishing characteristic of Gothic churches.

[[Gothic architecture]], consisted of taller, perpendicular structures with long windows, pointed arches and "[[flying buttress]]es" (stone supports on the outer walls of churches); the pointed [[spire]]s of this style is said to reflect the desire of people of the Middle Ages to grow closer to [[God]], reaching towards [[heaven]] and away from the earth. Spires were a source of pride for churches, and stressing the limits of architecture resulted in frequent collapses of church buildings - much like miniature [[tower of babel|Towers of Babel]].  Tall windows allowed sunlight to illuminate the interior, unlike Romanesque architecture, in which windows were small and interiors were dim.  A particularly stunning example of Gothic architecture is the [[Notre Dame]] in [[Paris]], on which construction began in 1163 during the reign of [[Louis VII]], and was completed about 200 years later in about 1345.  The Notre Dame features a beautiful stained-glass "rose window," which is another distinguishing characteristic of Gothic churches.

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