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Line 2: + + + − Dr.Hendrik F Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa from 1957 until 1966, re-organised Apartheid to avoid it acquiring negative connotations. Bantus (Blacks) were allocated homelands (Bantustans) in which they were eventually, during the second phase of Apartheid, to be moved permanently. Blacks employed in White South Africa were allowed to remain as migrant workers provided that they had their pass books and were gainfully employed. Verwoerd also changed the terminology associated with Apartheid, from Apartheid to seperate developement.+ − Blacks who had jobs deemed unrequired in White South Africa (as Whites filled them), such as Doctor or barrister, were despatched to their ethnicity-based homeland. + − − The homelands were pieced together from the 260 "native reserves" which had existed prior to the implementation of the Apartheid policy. − − Coloureds (mixed race) and Indians were afforded equal rights in their designated areas but could not own businesses or land in White areas. Similarly Whites had their rights restricted in non-White zones. + − In 1983 President PW Botha put the question of allowing Colored and Indian representation to the White electorate. 66% of Whites voted to allow Coloreds and Indians their own houses of parliament (called the House of Representatives and the House of Delegates respectively).+ − − − Line 24:
Line 21: − − − − Many governments of the western world continued to support the white regime including conservative ones like [[Ronald Reagan]] <ref>http://www.theherald.co.za/colarc/cull/cu140604.htm</ref><ref>http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/06/11/1086749892845.html</ref><ref>http://newsmine.org/archive/coldwar-imperialism/africa/reagan-supports-apartheid-South-Africa.txt</ref> <ref>http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2004/06/09/reagans_heart_of_darkness/</ref> and [[Margaret Thatcher]].<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2006/aug/27/uk.conservatives1</ref> − [[David Cameron]], the current leader of conservatives in the united kingdom recently admitted the party was wrong, drawing comments Thatcher's former spokesman, Sir Bernard Ingham, who said: 'I wonder whether David Cameron is a Conservative.'<ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/cameron-apologises-for-thatcher-apartheid-policies-413569.html</ref> − − − [[Nelson Mandela]] was jailed for attempting to over throw the government.<ref>http://www.ccds.charlotte.nc.us/History/Africa/04/Asmith/Asmith.htm</ref> − When the black population of South Africa was given the right to vote in the previously Whites-only areas, he was elected as President in 1994. − − Former President [[Jimmy Carter]] infamously referred to the [[Israel]]i occupation of [[Palestine]] as "apartheid."
I don't think Alfred123 used his "sources" very much; the article is to return to what apartheid really is
==Verwoerd and the Bantustans==
==Verwoerd and the Bantustans==
Laws passed in 1950 forced a separation of non-whites from whites in South African society. The first, the ''Population Registration Act'', which had people register with a racial classification board to determine "officially" if they belonged to one of four racial groups: white, African, colored, or Indian. The second, the Group Areas Act, was the enforced relocation of non-whites to the outskirts of various cities; to compell these people into the new "townships", which were in essence little more than shanty towns, the government ordered the bulldozing of once-vibrant mixed-race communities; to add insult to injury, the non-white inhabitants, especially the Africans, were ordered to carry passbooks to go from place to place. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2]
Dr. Hendrik F Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa from 1957 until 1966, designed a system that expanded the scope and impact of apartheid. Blacks were given a limited education which guaranteed them menial job opportunities as opposed to whites [http://www.stanford.edu/~jbaugh/saw/Chloe_Bantu_Education.html]. The ''Reservation of Separate Amenities Act'', passed in 1953, ordered the segregation of blacks at all public facilities, including post offices, public transportation, beaches, sports venues, parks, toilets, and even cemeteries. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2]
:''"There is no place for him [the African] in the European community above the level of certain forms of labor. Within his own community, however, all doors are open. For that reason it is to no avail for him to receive a training which has as its aim absorption in the European community, where he cannot be absorbed."'' Hendrik F. Verwoerd (1954) [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5]
Verwoerd had also insisted, and succeeded in getting, limited self-administration in the black reservations (called "homelands") of the Transkei, Ciskei, Bophuthatswana, Venda and KwaZulu, which meant they were semi-autonomous. This had also meant that the homelands were now responsible for their own societal and economic problems; it also had the benefit for the white-controlled South African government that a huge majority of blacks in the country were no longer citizens, and therefore ineligible to vote. [http://www.suedafrika.net/history/eh_apart2.htm]
==1983 Whites-only referendum==
==1983 Whites-only referendum==
In 1983 President PW Botha put the question of allowing Colored and Indian representation to the White electorate. 66% of whites voted to allow Coloreds and Indians their own houses of parliament (called the House of Representatives and the House of Delegates respectively).
Although many ultra-nationalistic and conservative whites attacked the move as it was power-sharing (which they feared would result in Black rule, and indeed it did some 11 years later).
Although many ultra-nationalistic and conservative Whites attacked the move as it was power-sharing (which they feared would result in Black rule, and indeed it did some 11 years later).
==The Troubles==
==The Troubles==
The followers of Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi (Zulu King) and his Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) were staunchly pro-seperation and even entered into a short-lived non-aggression pact with the [[Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging|AWB]] in 1993.
The followers of Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi (Zulu King) and his Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) were staunchly pro-seperation and even entered into a short-lived non-aggression pact with the [[Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging|AWB]] in 1993.
Between 1986 and 1994 some 10,000 IFP members were murdered by ANC supporters, many in a brutal fashion, the practice of "necklacing" was very popular amongs ANC members. Necklacing entailed placing a petrol-filled tire around the neck of a victim and then setting it alight.
Between 1986 and 1994 some 10,000 IFP members were murdered by ANC supporters, many in a brutal fashion, the practice of "necklacing" was very popular amongs ANC members. Necklacing entailed placing a petrol-filled tire around the neck of a victim and then setting it alight.
==References==
==References==