Changes

==Verwoerd and the Bantustans==

==Verwoerd and the Bantustans==

Laws passed in 1950 forced a separation of non-whites from whites in South African society.  The first, the ''Population Registration Act'', which had people register with a racial classification board to determine "officially" if they belonged to one of four racial groups: white, African, colored, or Indian.  The second, the Group Areas Act, was the enforced relocation of non-whites to the outskirts of various cities; to compell these people into the new "townships", which were in essence little more than shanty towns, the government ordered the bulldozing of once-vibrant mixed-race communities; to add insult to injury, the non-white inhabitants, especially the Africans, were ordered to carry passbooks to go from place to place. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2]

Laws passed in 1950 forced a separation of non-whites from whites in South African society.  The first, the ''Population Registration Act'', which had people register with a racial classification board to determine "officially" if they belonged to one of four racial groups: white, African, colored, or Indian.  The second, the Group Areas Act, was the enforced relocation of non-whites to the outskirts of various cities; to compel these people into the new "townships", which were in essence little more than shanty towns, the government ordered the bulldozing of once-vibrant mixed-race communities; to add insult to injury, the non-white inhabitants, especially the Africans, were ordered to carry passbooks to go from place to place. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2]

    

    

Dr. Hendrik F Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa from 1957 until 1966, designed a system that expanded the scope and impact of apartheid.  Blacks were given a limited education which guaranteed them menial job opportunities as opposed to whites [http://www.stanford.edu/~jbaugh/saw/Chloe_Bantu_Education.html].  The ''Reservation of Separate Amenities Act'', passed in 1953, ordered the segregation of blacks at all public facilities, including post offices, public transportation, beaches, sports venues, parks, toilets, and even cemeteries. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2]  

Dr. Hendrik F Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa from 1957 until 1966, designed a system that expanded the scope and impact of apartheid.  Blacks were given a limited education which guaranteed them menial job opportunities as opposed to whites [http://www.stanford.edu/~jbaugh/saw/Chloe_Bantu_Education.html].  The ''Reservation of Separate Amenities Act'', passed in 1953, ordered the segregation of blacks at all public facilities, including post offices, public transportation, beaches, sports venues, parks, toilets, and even cemeteries. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2]  

==The Troubles==

==The Troubles==

The followers of Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi (Zulu King) and his Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) were staunchly pro-seperation and even entered into a short-lived non-aggression pact with the [[Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging|AWB]] in 1993.

The followers of Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi (Zulu King) and his Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) were staunchly pro-separation and even entered into a short-lived non-aggression pact with the [[Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging|AWB]] in 1993.

However the African National Congress, who drew members from most other Black tribes, were pro-integration and, as such, Zulu workers who had migrated to White South Africa were frequently involved in clashes with ANC supporters in the townships (Black areas adjoining many White towns and cities).  

However the African National Congress, who drew members from most other Black tribes, were pro-integration and, as such, Zulu workers who had migrated to White South Africa were frequently involved in clashes with ANC supporters in the townships (Black areas adjoining many White towns and cities).  

Between 1986 and 1994 some 10,000 IFP members were murdered by ANC supporters, many in a brutal fashion, the practice of "necklacing" was very popular amongs ANC members. Necklacing entailed placing a petrol-filled tire around the neck of a victim and then setting it alight.

Between 1986 and 1994 some 10,000 IFP members were murdered by ANC supporters, many in a brutal fashion, the practice of "necklacing" was very popular amongst ANC members. Necklacing entailed placing a petrol-filled tire around the neck of a victim and then setting it alight.

==References==

==References==

==Sources==

==Sources==

 

*Apartheid: A History by Brian Lapping

*Apartheid:A History by Brian Lapping

*Bang Bang Club: Snapshots from a Hidden War by Greg Marinovich and Joao Silva

*Bang Bang Club:Snapshots from a Hidden War by Greg Marinovich and Joao Silva

[[Category:South Africa]]

[[Category:South Africa]]