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'''Polymerase chain reaction'' or PCR refers to a method of heat cycling to amplify [[DNA]].  It was made possible by the discovery of a thermophilic (heat loving) bacterium: ''thermus aquaticus''.  The DNA polymerase from this bacterium made DNA replication at high temperatures (60-70 degrees Celsius) possible.  PCR consists of a melting period at 95 degrees Celsius, an annealing period at 55 degrees Celsius and a elongation period, at 68 degrees Celsius.   

'''Polymerase chain reaction'' or PCR refers to a method of heat cycling to amplify [[DNA]].  It was made possible by the discovery of a thermophilic (heat loving) bacterium: ''thermus aquaticus''.  The DNA polymerase from this bacterium made DNA replication at high temperatures (60-70 degrees Celsius) possible.  PCR consists of a melting period at 95 degrees Celsius, an annealing period at 55 degrees Celsius and a elongation period, at 68 degrees Celsius.   

PCR was first developed in 1983 by Kary Mullis.^[1]

PCR was first developed in 1983 by Kary Mullis.<ref>Bartlett & Stirling (2003)—A Short History of the Polymerase Chain Reaction. In: Methods Mol Biol. 226:3-6</ref>

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