| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | '''Polish''' (''Polska'') is a [[Slavic]] language spoken by over 70 million people, mainly in [[Poland]] and by communities of Poles worldwide. It is a West Slavic language, most cloely related to [[Czech language|Czech]] and [[Slovak language|Slovak]]. | + | '''Polish''' (''Polska'') is a [[Slavic]] language spoken by over 70 million people, mainly in [[Poland]] and by communities of Poles worldwide. It is a West Slavic language, most cloely related to [[Czech_language|Czech]] and [[Slovak_language|Slovak]]. |
| | + | |
| | + | Polish has several letters and diacritics not present in [[English]]. The tables below give an introductory guide to pronunciation and transcription:<ref>http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~atpc/learn/tools/pl-alphabet.html</ref> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==Alphabet== |
| | + | |
| | + | * Aa = English 'ah' |
| | + | * Ąą = English 'on' |
| | + | * Bb = English 'b' |
| | + | * Cc = English 't'+'s' |
| | + | * Ćć = English 'ch' soft |
| | + | * Dd = English 'd' |
| | + | * Ee = English 'e' |
| | + | * Ęę = English 'en' |
| | + | * Ff = English 'f' |
| | + | * Gg = English 'g' hard |
| | + | * Hh = English 'h' |
| | + | * Ii = English 'i' |
| | + | * Jj = English 'y' |
| | + | * Kk = English 'k' |
| | + | * Ll = English 'l' |
| | + | * Łł = English 'w' |
| | + | * Mm = English 'm' |
| | + | * Nn = English 'n' |
| | + | * Ńń = English 'n' |
| | + | * Oo = English 'oh' |
| | + | * Óó = English 'ou' |
| | + | * Pp = English 'p' |
| | + | * Rr = English 'r' rolled |
| | + | * Ss = English 's' |
| | + | * Śś = English 'sh' soft |
| | + | * Tt = English 't' |
| | + | * Uu = English 'oo' |
| | + | * Ww = English 'v' |
| | + | * Yy = English 'eh' |
| | + | * Zz = English 'z' |
| | + | * Źź = English 'zh' soft |
| | + | * Żż = English 'zh' harder |
| | + | |
| | + | ==Consonant Sounds== |
| | + | |
| | + | * l~ - same as w in woman |
| | + | * Z~ - same as s in street |
| | + | * ch - same as h in happy |
| | + | * cz - same as ch in church |
| | + | * dz - same as d followed by z |
| | + | * dz~ - same as d followed by z~ |
| | + | * rz - same as s in treasure |
| | + | * sz - same as sh in share |
| | + | |
| | + | ==Polish Diacritics== |
| | + | |
| | + | How Polish diacritics (accented) letters are typical represented in type: |
| | + | |
| | + | Use of the tilde " ~ " is the accepted practice for typing Polish diacritic letters when a suitable keyboard is not present. |
| | + | |
| | + | Type | Accent | located | Pronounced "sound" |
| | + | * A~ a~ | below | nasal,| pronounced "on" (or as "om" when following a B or P, Da~browski = Dombrowski) |
| | + | * C~ c~ above| |pronounced roughly "ch" |
| | + | * E~ e~ below| nasal,| generally pronounced "en" (or "em" when following a B or P, [De~bin~ski = Dembin~ski]) |
| | + | * L~ l~ angled | slash | pronounced much like English W |
| | + | * N~ n~ above | |kind of like "ni" in "onion" |
| | + | * O~ o~ above | |sounding much like "oo" in "book". |
| | + | * S~ s~ above | |kind of like "sh" in "sheep" |
| | + | * Z~ z~ above | |a soft, hissing "zh" sound |
| | + | * Z* z* dot |above|a chunkier "zh" sound |
| | + | |
| | + | |
| | + | ==References== |
| | + | |
| | + | {{reflist}} |
| | | | |
| | [[Category: Slavic languages]] | | [[Category: Slavic languages]] |