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==Verwoerd and the Bantustans==

==Verwoerd and the Bantustans==

Laws passed in 1950 forced a separation of non-whites from whites in South African society.  The first, the ''Population Registration Act'', which had people register with a racial classification board to determine "officially" if they belonged to one of four racial groups: white, African, colored, or Indian.  The second, the Group Areas Act, was the enforced relocation of non-whites to the outskirts of various cities; to compel these people into the new "townships", which were in essence little more than shanty towns, the government ordered the bulldozing of once-vibrant mixed-race communities; the non-white inhabitants, especially the Africans, were ordered to carry passbooks to go from place to place in white areas. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2] Likewise, whites were ordered to relocate from the areas which they settled, that historically belonged to blacks.

Laws passed in 1950 forced a separation of non-whites from whites in South African society.  The first, the ''Population Registration Act'', which had people register with a racial classification board to determine "officially" if they belonged to one of four racial groups: white, African, colored, or Indian.  The second, the Group Areas Act, was the enforced relocation of the different races from the few mixed-race communities; the non-white immigrants, especially the Africans, were ordered to carry passbooks to go from place to place in white areas. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2] Likewise, whites were ordered to relocate from the areas which they settled, that historically belonged to blacks.

    

    

Dr. Hendrik F Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa from 1957 until 1966, designed a system that expanded the scope and impact of apartheid.  Blacks were given a limited education which guaranteed them menial job opportunities as opposed to whites [http://www.stanford.edu/~jbaugh/saw/Chloe_Bantu_Education.html].  The ''Reservation of Separate Amenities Act'', passed in 1953, ordered the segregation of blacks at all public facilities, including post offices, public transportation, beaches, sports venues, parks, toilets, and even cemeteries. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2]  

Dr. Hendrik F Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa from 1957 until 1966, designed a system that expanded the scope and impact of apartheid.  Blacks were given increased education which guaranteed them meny job opportunities as well as the opportunity to attend a university. Five Universities exclusively for Blacks were created and financed by the white government during the 1960s. [http://www.stanford.edu/~jbaugh/saw/Chloe_Bantu_Education.html].  The ''Reservation of Separate Amenities Act'', passed in 1953, ordered the segregation of blacks at all public facilities, including post offices, public transportation, beaches, sports venues, parks, toilets, and even cemeteries. [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5&page=2]  

:''"There is no place for him [the African] in the European community above the level of certain forms of labor. Within his own community, however, all doors are open. For that reason it is to no avail for him to receive a training which has as its aim absorption in the European community, where he cannot be absorbed."'' Hendrik F. Verwoerd (1954) [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5]

:''"There is no place for him [the African] in the European community above the level of certain forms of labor. Within his own community, however, all doors are open. For that reason it is to no avail for him to receive a training which has as its aim absorption in the European community, where he cannot be absorbed."'' Hendrik F. Verwoerd (1954) [http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/unit.php?id=5]