In the second case C is the constant of integration. As this is very common <math>\infty</math> and <math>-\infty</math> are usually excluded. This works for the kind of functions incountered in late high school and early university mathematics it is however an incomplete method. For example <math>e^{x^{2}}</math> has no anti-derivative.
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In the second case C is the constant of integration. As this is very common <math>\infty</math> and <math>-\infty</math> are usually excluded. This works for the kind of functions encountered in late high school and early university mathematics. It is, however, an incomplete method. For example one cannot write the anti-derivative of <math>e^{x^{2}}</math> in terms of familiar functions (such as trigonometric functions, exponentials, and logarithms) and function operations.