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The belief that [[God]] is everything and everything is God.

'''Pantheism''' is the belief that [[God]] is everything and everything is God.

Pantheism is the belief that [[God]] and the Universe are identical, and that there is no difference between God and the World.  Pantheism therefore holds all things to be divine, but this view was rejected by [[Saint Augustine]] because this view would mean that even [[sin]] was divine. Historically some philosophers, such as [[John Toland]], have used pantheism to mean the equivalent of atheism, denying that the world is the product of divine creation, denying any guidance of God, and even denying the existence of [[sin]].  

Pantheism is the belief that [[God]] and the Universe are identical, and that there is no difference between God and the World.  Pantheism therefore holds all things to be divine, but this view was rejected by [[Saint Augustine]] because this view would mean that even [[sin]] was divine. Historically some philosophers, such as [[John Toland]], have used pantheism to mean the equivalent of atheism, denying that the world is the product of divine creation, denying any guidance of God, and even denying the existence of [[sin]].  

Some pantheistic ideas were bandied about as early as the time of the ancient Greek philosophers, who felt that everything in the Universe was made from the same divine substance. Pantheism resurged in the 1700s from the writing of [[Benedict Spinoza]], who laid out certain philosophical justifications for the idea. Two refinements of pantheism developed in the 1800s, [[panentheism]] and [[pandeism]]. Panentheism tried to bring pantheism back into monotheism by describing the Universe as one part of God existing at the same time as a transcendant part of God existed apart from it. Pandeism tried to combine pantheism with [[deism]], which was then at the height of its popularity, by describing a process in which God became the Universe and in that process ceased to act as God.

Some pantheistic ideas were bandied about as early as the time of the ancient Greek philosophers, who felt that everything in the Universe was made from the same divine substance. Pantheism resurged in the 1700s from the writing of [[Benedict Spinoza]], who laid out certain philosophical justifications for the idea. Two refinements of pantheism developed in the 1800s, [[panentheism]] and [[pandeism]]. Panentheism tried to bring pantheism back into monotheism by describing the Universe as one part of God existing at the same time as a transcendent part of God existed apart from it. Pandeism tried to combine pantheism with [[deism]], which was then at the height of its popularity, by describing a process in which God became the Universe and in that process ceased to act as God.

Modernly, pantheism has declined from the level of popularity achieved in Spinoza's day.

Modernly, pantheism has declined from the level of popularity achieved in Spinoza's day.

[[Category:Types of Theism]]

[[Category:Types of Theism]]