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This article is about [[fiction]]al locations, landscapes, mountains, rivers etc. from [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s [[Middle-earth]].  

This article is about [[fiction]]al locations, landscapes, mountains, rivers etc. from [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s [[Middle-earth]].  

[[Image:Middle-earth.jpg|thumb|400px|A map of Middle-earth in the Third Age.]]

[[Image:Middle-earth.jpg|thumb|400px|A map of [[Middle-earth]] in the [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|Third Age]].]]

== Middle-earth regions ==

== Middle-earth regions ==

=== Beleriand ===

=== Beleriand ===

=== Harad ===

=== Harad ===

'''Harad''' or '''Haradwaith''' is the name for the lands south of [[Gondor]] and [[Mordor]]. The coasts of Harad were settled by the ''Black Númenóreans''. The peoples living in Harad were often under the influence of [[Sauron]], and made war with the western realms. In the Fourth Age the Reunited Kingdom of Arnor and Gondor made peace with Harad. In Harad also lived the elephant-like ''[[mûmak]]il'' (or oliphaunts).

'''Harad''' or '''Haradwaith''' is the name for the lands south of [[Gondor]] and [[Mordor]]. The coasts of Harad were settled by the ''Black Númenóreans''. The peoples living in Harad were often under the influence of [[Sauron]], and made war with the western realms. In the [[Fourth Age (Middle-earth)|Fourth Age]] the Reunited Kingdom of Arnor and Gondor made peace with Harad. In Harad also lived the elephant-like ''[[mûmak]]il'' (or oliphaunts).

== Middle-earth mountains ==

== Middle-earth mountains ==

=== Ered Luin ===

=== Ered Luin ===

The '''Ered Luin''' (Sindarin: "'''Blue Mountains'''"), also known as '''Ered Lindon''', are a mountain range in the far west of [[Eriador]]. Until the end of the First Age, the Ered Luin separated [[Beleriand]] and Eriador. In the middle of the mountain range is a gap, creating the Gulf of Lhûn/Lune, where the [[Mithlond|Grey Havens]] lie.

The '''Ered Luin''' (Sindarin: "'''Blue Mountains'''"), also known as '''Ered Lindon''', are a mountain range in the far west of [[Eriador]]. Until the end of the [[First Age (Middle-earth)|First Age]], the Ered Luin separated [[Beleriand]] and Eriador. In the middle of the mountain range is a gap, creating the Gulf of Lhûn/Lune, where the [[Mithlond|Grey Havens]] lie.

=== Ered Mithrin ===

=== Ered Mithrin ===

'''Weathertop''' or '''Amon Sûl''' (Sindarin: "Hill of Wind") is a hill in Eriador, the southernmost and highest summit of the '''Weather Hills'''. The Weather Hills lie next to the [[Great East Road (Middle-earth)|Great East Road]], about halfway between the [[Shire (Middle-earth)|Shire]] and [[Rivendell]].  

'''Weathertop''' or '''Amon Sûl''' (Sindarin: "Hill of Wind") is a hill in Eriador, the southernmost and highest summit of the '''Weather Hills'''. The Weather Hills lie next to the [[Great East Road (Middle-earth)|Great East Road]], about halfway between the [[Shire (Middle-earth)|Shire]] and [[Rivendell]].  

On Weathertop was the '''Tower of Amon Sûl''', a watch-tower built by the Kingdom of [[Arnor]], where one of the ''[[palantír]]i'' was kept. In T.A. 1409 the Tower was destroyed, and only ruins were left. In October T.A. 3018, [[Aragorn]] and the hobbits camped on Weathertop and were attacked by the [[Ringwraith]]s; [[Frodo Baggins]] was wounded by a Morgul-blade.

On Weathertop was the '''Tower of Amon Sûl''', a watch-tower built by the Kingdom of [[Arnor]], where one of the ''[[palantír]]i'' was kept. In [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|T.A.]] 1409 the Tower was destroyed, and only ruins were left. In October T.A. 3018, [[Aragorn]] and the hobbits camped on Weathertop and were attacked by the [[Ringwraith]]s; [[Frodo Baggins]] was wounded by a Morgul-blade.

== Middle-earth bodies of water ==

== Middle-earth bodies of water ==

== Other Middle-earth locations ==

== Other Middle-earth locations ==

=== Arnor ===

=== Arnor ===

'''Arnor''' was a human realm in [[Eriador]]. It was founded by [[Elendil]] and his people, who had survived the Fall of [[Númenor]] towards the end of the Second Age. The peoples living in Arnor were the descendants of the Númenorean survivors, and the indigenous human peoples who had lived there before. The capital of Arnor was the city '''Annúminas''' on the shores of Lake Evendim in northern Eriador. Elendil became the first King of Arnor; after his death, he was followed by his older son [[Isildur]].

'''Arnor''' was a human realm in [[Eriador]]. It was founded by [[Elendil]] and his people, who had survived the Fall of [[Númenor]] towards the end of the [[Second Age (Middle-earth)|Second Age]]. The peoples living in Arnor were the descendants of the Númenorean survivors, and the indigenous human peoples who had lived there before. The capital of Arnor was the city '''Annúminas''' on the shores of Lake Evendim in northern Eriador. Elendil became the first King of Arnor; after his death, he was followed by his older son [[Isildur]].

After the death of the tenth King, Eärendur, in T.A. 861, his three sons split Arnor among themselves, creating three new lands: '''Arthedain''' and its capital '''Fornost Erain''' in the west, '''Cardolan''' in the south, and '''Rhudaur''' in the north. With time, all three countries were destroyed in wars against the northern land [[Angmar]].  

After the death of the tenth King, Eärendur, in [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|T.A.]] 861, his three sons split Arnor among themselves, creating three new lands: '''Arthedain''' and its capital '''Fornost Erain''' in the west, '''Cardolan''' in the south, and '''Rhudaur''' in the north. With time, all three countries were destroyed in wars against the northern land [[Angmar]].  

After the War of the Ring, the land again became part of the '''Reunited Kingdom of Arnor and Gondor''', ruled by [[Aragorn|King Elessar Telcontar]] and his descendants.<ref>J. R. R. Tolkien, ''The Lord of the Rings'', Appendix A, I  The Númenorean Kings, iii  Eriador, Arnor, and the Heirs of Isildur</ref>

After the War of the Ring, the land again became part of the '''Reunited Kingdom of Arnor and Gondor''', ruled by [[Aragorn|King Elessar Telcontar]] and his descendants.<ref>J. R. R. Tolkien, ''The Lord of the Rings'', Appendix A, I  The Númenorean Kings, iii  Eriador, Arnor, and the Heirs of Isildur</ref>

=== Erebor ===

=== Erebor ===

The '''Lonely Mountain''' or Sindarin '''Erebor''' is a mountain in the northeast of [[Rhovanion]]. When the dwarves had to leave their ancient home [[Khazad-dûm]], it became the new home of Durin's folk, led by [[Thráin I]], who became ''King under the Mountain''. In [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|T.A. 2770]] Erebor was attacked by the dragon [[Smaug]], who took it as his home, forcing the surviving dwarves to flee again. In T.A. 2941, as told in ''The Hobbit'', the dragon Smaug was slain. The dwarves returned to the Lonely Mountain, ruled by the new ''King under the Mountain'' [[Dáin II Ironfoot]].

The '''Lonely Mountain''' or Sindarin '''Erebor''' is a mountain in the northeast of [[Rhovanion]]. When the dwarves had to leave their ancient home [[Khazad-dûm]], it became the new home of Durin's folk, led by [[Thráin I]], who became ''King under the Mountain''. In [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|T.A.]] 2770 Erebor was attacked by the dragon [[Smaug]], who took it as his home, forcing the surviving dwarves to flee again. In T.A. 2941, as told in ''The Hobbit'', the dragon Smaug was slain. The dwarves returned to the Lonely Mountain, ruled by the new ''King under the Mountain'' [[Dáin II Ironfoot]].

=== Gap of Rohan ===

=== Gap of Rohan ===

'''Mirkwood''' was a large forest in [[Rhovanion]]. Originally it was known as '''Greenwood the Great''' (Sindarin: ''Eryn Galen'').  

'''Mirkwood''' was a large forest in [[Rhovanion]]. Originally it was known as '''Greenwood the Great''' (Sindarin: ''Eryn Galen'').  

In the Second Age an Elven people settled in the Greenwood, founding the '''Woodland Realm''', with its capital on the hill '''Amon Lanc'''. After the end of the Second Age, the Elves retreated further north. In the 11th century of the Third Age, Sauron established himself in the hill-fortress of '''Dol Guldur''' on Amon Lanc in the south of the forest. His evil influence darkened the woods, although it lessened towards the north; afterwards the forest became known as ''Mirkwood''. After the War of the Ring the forest was cleared of Sauron's influence and became known as '''Eryn Lasgalen''' (Sindarin: "Wood of Greenleaves").  

In the [[Second Age (Middle-earth)|Second Age]] an Elven people settled in the Greenwood, founding the '''Woodland Realm''', with its capital on the hill '''Amon Lanc'''. After the end of the Second Age, the Elves retreated further north. In the 11th century of the [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|Third Age]], Sauron established himself in the hill-fortress of '''Dol Guldur''' on Amon Lanc in the south of the forest. His evil influence darkened the woods, although it lessened towards the north; afterwards the forest became known as ''Mirkwood''. After the War of the Ring the forest was cleared of Sauron's influence and became known as '''Eryn Lasgalen''' (Sindarin: "Wood of Greenleaves").  

=== Helm's Deep ===

=== Helm's Deep ===

=== Isengard ===

=== Isengard ===

'''Isengard''', Sindarin '''Angrenost''', is a fortress at the southern end of the [[Misty Mountains]]. It is a small valley inside a ring-shaped wall, the '''Ring of Isengard''', and in its middle stands the tall black tower '''Orthanc'''.

'''Isengard''', Sindarin '''Angrenost''', is a fortress at the southern end of the [[Misty Mountains]]. It is a small valley inside a ring-shaped wall, the '''Ring of Isengard''', and in its middle stands the tall black tower '''Orthanc'''.

Isengard was built in the Second Age by the people of [[Gondor]]. In the 28th century of the Third Age, Isengard was given to [[Saruman]] by Steward Beren of Gondor. In the War of the Ring the Ents destroyed the ring-wall. After the War, the tower Orthanc was given back to [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] and the Reunited Kingdom.

Isengard was built in the [[Second Age (Middle-earth)|Second Age]] by the people of [[Gondor]]. In the 28th century of the [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|Third Age]], Isengard was given to [[Saruman]] by Steward Beren of Gondor. In the War of the Ring the Ents destroyed the ring-wall. After the War, the tower Orthanc was given back to [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] and the Reunited Kingdom.

=== Khazad-dûm ===

=== Khazad-dûm ===

'''Khazad-dûm''' was a great underground city and the ancient home of Durin's Dwarves under the [[Misty Mountains]]. Other names of Khazad-dûm, [[Khuzdûl]] for '''the Dwarrowdelf''', include Sindarin ''Hadhodrond'', ''Casarrondo'' by the Noldor, and Westron ''Phurunargian''. Later in the Third Age it became known as '''Moria'''.  

'''Khazad-dûm''' was a great underground city and the ancient home of Durin's Dwarves under the [[Misty Mountains]]. Other names of Khazad-dûm, [[Khuzdûl]] for '''the Dwarrowdelf''', include Sindarin ''Hadhodrond'', ''Casarrondo'' by the Noldor, and Westron ''Phurunargian''. Later in the [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|Third Age]] it became known as '''Moria'''.  

Khazad-dûm was founded by [[Durin the Deathless]] a long time ago in First Age, before the Sun and Moon. Its mines were the only place in Middle-earth where the precious metal ''[[mithril]]'' could be found, making the dwarves wealthy and prosperous.  In 1980 of the Third Age, the dwarves woke a [[Balrog]] deep in the mines of Khazad-dûm. The Balrog killed King Durin VI, earning him the name "Durin's Bane", and Khazad-dûm was deserted. The surviviors of Durin's folk found a new home in [[Erebor]], and some other places. Khazad-dûm became afterwards known as '''Moria''', which is Sindarin for "black pit".<ref>J. R. R. Tolkien, ''The Lord of the Rings'', Appendix A, III  Durin's Folk</ref>

Khazad-dûm was founded by [[Durin the Deathless]] a long time ago in [[First Age (Middle-earth)|First Age]], before the Sun and Moon. Its mines were the only place in Middle-earth where the precious metal ''[[mithril]]'' could be found, making the dwarves wealthy and prosperous.  In 1980 of the Third Age, the dwarves woke a [[Balrog]] deep in the mines of Khazad-dûm. The Balrog killed King Durin VI, earning him the name "Durin's Bane", and Khazad-dûm was deserted. The surviviors of Durin's folk found a new home in [[Erebor]], and some other places. Khazad-dûm became afterwards known as '''Moria''', which is Sindarin for "black pit".<ref>J. R. R. Tolkien, ''The Lord of the Rings'', Appendix A, III  Durin's Folk</ref>

=== Lindon ===

=== Lindon ===

=== Lothlórien ===

=== Lothlórien ===

'''Lothlórien''' was an Elven realm. It lay east of the [[Misty Mountains]], on the land between the [[Anduin]] and Silverlode, close to the Dwarven realm [[Khazad-dûm]]. Lothlórien was founded in the Second Age, and [[Amdír]] became its first King. The elves of Lothlórien fought in the War of the Last Alliance against Sauron. In the war Amdír was killed, succeded as King by his son [[Amroth]], who later left Lothlórien. Since then until the end of the Third Age it was ruled by [[Celeborn|Lord Celeborn]] and [[Galadriel|Lady Galadriel]]. '''Caras Galadhon''' was the main city of Lothlórien. Other names of Lothlórien are the shortened form '''Lórien''', and the names '''Laurelindórenan''', [[Rohirric]] '''Dwimordene''', or '''The Golden Wood'''.

'''Lothlórien''' was an Elven realm. It lay east of the [[Misty Mountains]], on the land between the [[Anduin]] and Silverlode, close to the Dwarven realm [[Khazad-dûm]]. Lothlórien was founded in the [[Second Age (Middle-earth)|Second Age]], and [[Amdír]] became its first King. The elves of Lothlórien fought in the War of the Last Alliance against Sauron. In the war Amdír was killed, succeded as King by his son [[Amroth]], who later left Lothlórien. Since then until the end of the [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|Third Age]] it was ruled by [[Celeborn|Lord Celeborn]] and [[Galadriel|Lady Galadriel]]. '''Caras Galadhon''' was the main city of Lothlórien. Other names of Lothlórien are the shortened form '''Lórien''', and the names '''Laurelindórenan''', [[Rohirric]] '''Dwimordene''', or '''The Golden Wood'''.

=== Mordor ===

=== Mordor ===

=== Rivendell ===

=== Rivendell ===

'''Rivendell''' or Sindarin '''Imladris''' was an elven city in eastern [[Eriador]]. It was founded in 1697 of the [[Second Age (Middle-earth)|Second Age]] by [[Elrond]], who ruled it as Lord and Master of Imladris until the end of the Third Age.

'''Rivendell''' or Sindarin '''Imladris''' was an elven city in eastern [[Eriador]]. It was founded in 1697 of the [[Second Age (Middle-earth)|Second Age]] by [[Elrond]], who ruled it as Lord and Master of Imladris until the end of the [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|Third Age]].

=== Rohan ===

=== Rohan ===

'''Rohan''' or the '''Riddermark''' (or short '''The Mark''') was a human realm in the Third Age. Rohan lay north of the [[Ered Nimrais|White Mountains]], southeast of [[Isengard]] and southwest of the Emyn Muil. The capital of Rohan was '''Edoras''', where stood '''Meduseld''', the Golden Hall of the King.

'''Rohan''' or the '''Riddermark''' (or short '''The Mark''') was a human realm in the [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|Third Age]]. Rohan lay north of the [[Ered Nimrais|White Mountains]], southeast of [[Isengard]] and southwest of the Emyn Muil. The capital of Rohan was '''Edoras''', where stood '''Meduseld''', the Golden Hall of the King.

Originally the land was a part of Gondor, and named '''Calenardhon'''. Because of the plague in 1636 T.A. and the later wars, Calenardhon was depopulated. In 2509 [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|T.A.]] the Rohirrim came from the north, and helped Gondor fight against a combined invasion of Men from the north-east and Orcs from Mordor. The Rohirrim helped Gondor win the ''Battle of the Field of Celebrant'' and the war. As a reward, Steward Cirion of Gondor gave the land Calenardhon to the Rohirrim, and the King of the Rohirrim, Eorl the Young, swore the ''Oath of Eorl'': that Rohan would come and help Gondor whenever needed. Afterwards, the people of the Rohirrim moved into their new land, which they named the ''Riddermark'' or just ''The Mark''. Gondor called the land ''Rohan'' ([[Sindarin]]: "Land of the Horse-lords"), and its people ''Rohirrim'' (Sindarin: "People of the Horse-lords").<ref>J. R. R. Tolkien, ''The Lord of the Rings'', Appendix A, II  The House of Eorl</ref>

Originally the land was a part of Gondor, and named '''Calenardhon'''. Because of the plague in 1636 T.A. and the later wars, Calenardhon was depopulated. In 2509 [[Third Age (Middle-earth)|T.A.]] the Rohirrim came from the north, and helped Gondor fight against a combined invasion of Men from the north-east and Orcs from Mordor. The Rohirrim helped Gondor win the ''Battle of the Field of Celebrant'' and the war. As a reward, Steward Cirion of Gondor gave the land Calenardhon to the Rohirrim, and the King of the Rohirrim, Eorl the Young, swore the ''Oath of Eorl'': that Rohan would come and help Gondor whenever needed. Afterwards, the people of the Rohirrim moved into their new land, which they named the ''Riddermark'' or just ''The Mark''. Gondor called the land ''Rohan'' ([[Sindarin]]: "Land of the Horse-lords"), and its people ''Rohirrim'' (Sindarin: "People of the Horse-lords").<ref>J. R. R. Tolkien, ''The Lord of the Rings'', Appendix A, II  The House of Eorl</ref>